Mapping International Cooperation between European Cities: A Network Analysis of the Interreg C and Urbact Programs

Abstract

This paper focuses on international cooperation between European cities. We analyse the Urbact and Interreg C cooperation programs from 2000 to 2019, extracting data from the website “keep.eu” which collates European cooperation programs financed by the European cohesion policy. On one hand, we transform them into flow matrices and, on the other hand, we present them according to their topics. The results show that the cooperation network is both a small-world and a scale-free network structured on a core-periphery mode-land organised by central cities. From a spatial and political perspective, these central cities are often secondary cities. The concept of rescaling supports the idea that those cities use cooperation to counter their subordinate position in the European urban hierarchy. Network and thematics assessment show that Interreg C and Urbact are two different cooperation types. Analysis of the links reveals that most cooperation ties are ephemeral, but some links are more intense. Urban development and economic development are major thematics, and the growing importance of green development is also relevant.