The composition of the egg-parasitoid guild of the golden egg bug, Phyllomorpha laciniata (Heteroptera: Coreidae), in Spain

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Entomologica Fennica Pub Date : 2019-08-16 DOI:10.33338/EF.84576

David Carrasco, Gergely Várkonyi

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Abstract

The golden egg bug (Phyllomorpha laciniata (Villers)) is a phytophagous insect with an unusual reproductive system. Females use the bodies of conspecifics, both males and females, as oviposition substrates. In addition, a varying fraction of the eggs is laid on the food plant. Egg carrying on conspecifics increases offspring survival. Predators and, especially, hymenopteran parasitoids are themain cause of egg mortality. So far, only the wasp Gryon bolivari (Giard) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) has been reported as an egg parasitoid of P. laciniata in several Mediterranean populations. In this study, three new egg-parasitoid species are recorded from P. laciniata: the primary solitary parasitoids Gryon monspeliense (Picard) and Telenomus sp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), and the facultative hyperparasitoid Ooencyrtus telenomicida (Vassiliev) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). All of these parasitoids have been reared from host eggs being carried by conspecific bugs. We discuss the taxonomy and biology of the individual parasitoid species, as well as ecological and evolutionary aspects of the interactions in this host-parasitoid system.

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西班牙金卵虫(Phyllomorpha laciniata)卵寄生蜂行会的组成

金蛋虫（Phyllomorpha laciniata（Villers））是一种具有不同寻常生殖系统的植食性昆虫。雌性使用同种动物的身体，包括雄性和雌性，作为产卵基质。此外，不同比例的鸡蛋产在食用植物上。同种携带卵子可提高后代的存活率。捕食者，尤其是处女膜类寄生虫是导致卵子死亡的主要原因。到目前为止，在几个地中海种群中，只有黄蜂Gryon bolivari（Giard）（膜翅目：Scelionidae）被报道为P.laciniata的卵寄生蜂。在本研究中，从P.laciniata中记录了三个新的卵寄生蜂种：初级独居寄生蜂Gryon monspeliense（Picard）和Telenomus sp.（膜翅目：Scelionidae），以及兼性超寄生蜂Ooencyrtus telenomicida（Vassiliev）（膜翅目：Encyrtidae）。所有这些寄生蜂都是由同种昆虫携带的宿主卵饲养的。我们讨论了寄生蜂个体的分类学和生物学，以及宿主-寄生蜂系统中相互作用的生态学和进化方面。

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