Influencia de niveles de infestación de Tubixaba tuxaua (Monteiro & Lordello, 1980) en el cultivo de soja

Abstract

Tubixaba tuxaua is a phytonematode that causes damage to crops and was recentlyidentified in soil samples from Paraguay. Due to the scarcity of local information on thedamage caused to soybean cultivation, a study was carried out with the objective ofevaluating the effects on development and yield caused by different densities of Tubixabatuxaua in the soybean crop. The experiment was carried out in field conditions, in the2016/2017 cycle, in Tempiaporenda, Caazapa, Paraguay, in a plot with 10 years ofsoybean production. According to the symptoms observed 48 days after sowing, 3 areasof infestation were delimited and distributed in a completely randomized experimentaldesign with 12, 6 and 7 repetitions, for the areas of high, medium and free infestationof Tubixaba tuxaua respectively. The variables analyzed were; population of thenematode, foliar area, dry mass, height of plant, number of pods, weight of 100 grainsand yield. The results showed statistical differences between the treatments for all thevariables except weight of 100 grains. It was observed that in areas with a greaterpopulation of nematodes, there was a decrease in plant height, number of pods, foliararea, dry mass and yield with a decreasing tendency.