A comprehensive review on nanotechnological approaches for enhanced delivery of nutraceuticals in the management of osteoporosis

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a chronic, progressive bone condition which is mostly prevalent in post-menopausal women and the elderly population. An imbalance in the natural bone remodeling process which is involved in the formation of bone and resorption is responsible for osteoporosis leading to bone fragility. It shows no clinical manifestation until a fracture takes place. Osteoporosis is a global epidemic which reduces quality of life, increases the chances of disabilities and adds on a huge financial load. Early diagnosis and treatment can help in preventing the disease. Several drug regimens are used in treating the condition however the drugs are accompanied by several adverse effects. Nutraceuticals like herbs, minerals, vitamins, dairy products and minerals support skeletal strength and integrity. Therefore, use of different types of nutraceuticals can improve overall bone strength and provide improved treatment of osteoporosis. The review paper focusses on providing in depth knowledge about the various nutraceuticals that are used in the management of osteoporosis along with the novel nanotechnology based delivery approaches for enhanced delivery of nutraceuticals as the advent of nanotechnology in pharmaceuticals have opened new avenues in the challenging arena of nutraceuticals for providing benefits like stability, higher efficiency, solubility, enhanced bioavailability, permeability and production without additives.