To concentrate or to diversify the supply base? Implications from the U.S. apparel supply chain during the COVID-19 pandemic

IF 11.2 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Journal of Business Logistics Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI:10.1111/jbl.12335
Mikaella Polyviou, Robert Wiedmer, Sangho Chae, Zachary S. Rogers, Carlos Mena
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in severe supply disruptions and revenue losses, especially for buyers highly dependent on foreign suppliers. Unsurprisingly, scholars and industry experts claim that high dependence on any exchange partner is detrimental to buyers. The literature, however, is ambivalent about whether supply base concentration—the number of sources in a firm's supply base and the degree of importance of each source—benefits or harms buyers. Our study addresses this ambivalence by investigating whether supply base concentration, conceptualized as supplier concentration, supplier country concentration, and carrier concentration, worsens or mitigates the impact of supply disruptions as they unfold over time. We use longitudinal data from ocean bills of lading to examine these relationships in the context of U.S. buyers importing apparel during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results show that higher pre-disruption supplier concentration and supplier country concentration helped buyers mitigate the impact of supply disruptions related to COVID-19, with diminishing effects once supplier and supplier country concentration exceeded specific inflection points. Conversely, higher pre-disruption carrier diversification helped buyers mitigate the impact of supply disruptions related to COVID-19. Notably, these effects depend on the specific phase of the supply disruption. We discuss implications for research and practice.

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集中还是分散供应基地?COVID - 19大流行期间美国服装供应链的影响
新冠肺炎疫情导致严重的供应中断和收入损失,尤其是对高度依赖外国供应商的买家。不出所料,学者和行业专家声称,对任何交易所合作伙伴的高度依赖都对买家不利。然而,文献对供应基础集中——企业供应基础中来源的数量和每个来源的重要性——是对买家有利还是有害——存在矛盾。我们的研究通过调查供应基础集中度(概念化为供应商集中度、供应商国家集中度和承运人集中度)是否会随着时间的推移而恶化或减轻供应中断的影响,来解决这种矛盾心理。我们使用海运提单的纵向数据,在新冠肺炎大流行期间美国买家进口服装的背景下,研究这些关系。我们的研究结果表明,中断前更高的供应商集中度和供应商国家集中度有助于买家减轻与新冠肺炎相关的供应中断的影响,一旦供应商和供应商国家的集中度超过特定的拐点,影响就会减弱。相反,中断前运营商多元化程度的提高有助于买家减轻与新冠肺炎相关的供应中断的影响。值得注意的是,这些影响取决于供应中断的具体阶段。我们讨论了对研究和实践的影响。©2023威利期刊有限责任公司。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.40
自引率
14.60%
发文量
34
期刊介绍: Supply chain management and logistics processes play a crucial role in the success of businesses, both in terms of operations, strategy, and finances. To gain a deep understanding of these processes, it is essential to explore academic literature such as The Journal of Business Logistics. This journal serves as a scholarly platform for sharing original ideas, research findings, and effective strategies in the field of logistics and supply chain management. By providing innovative insights and research-driven knowledge, it equips organizations with the necessary tools to navigate the ever-changing business environment.
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