Heterospecific eavesdropping of jays (Garrulus glandarius) on blackbird (Turdus merula) mobbing calls

IF 1.1 4区生物学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES acta ethologica Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI:10.1007/s10211-022-00391-4

Christoph Randler

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Abstract

Heterospecifics eavesdrop on mobbing calls and respond with appropriate behavior, but the functional aspects are less studied. Here, I studied whether jays (Garrulus glandarius) eavesdrop on blackbird (Turdus merula) mobbing calls in comparison to blackbird song. Furthermore, it was studied whether jays provided with extra information about predators differ in their response. Three different experimental designs were carried out: (1) control playback of blackbird song to control for the species’ presence, (2) experimental playback of different mobbing events of blackbirds towards different predators, (3) experimental playback similar to (2) but combined with different predator models. In the combined experiments, mobbing calls were tied to the respective visual stimuli. Comparing the experiments with and without predator presentation, a similar number of jays occurred during the playback-only experiment (n = 7) and the playback combined with model presentation (n = 6). However, during the playback-only experiment, jays approached the speaker closer and stayed for longer time in the nearer surrounding. These results show that jays need extra information to make an informed decision.

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松鸦（Garrus glandarius）对黑鸟（Turdus merula）骚扰叫声的异源窃听

异种生物对蜂鸣声进行窃听，并做出相应的反应，但其功能方面的研究较少。在这里，我研究了松鸦(Garrulus glandarius)是否会偷听黑鸟(Turdus merula)的叫声，而不是黑鸟的歌声。此外，我们还研究了松鸦在获得捕食者的额外信息后，其反应是否会有所不同。采用三种不同的实验设计:(1)控制黑鹂鸣叫的播放以控制该物种的存在;(2)黑鹂对不同捕食者的不同围捕事件的实验播放;(3)与(2)相似但结合不同捕食者模型的实验播放。在联合实验中，骚扰呼叫与各自的视觉刺激联系在一起。在有捕食者呈现和没有捕食者呈现的实验中，只播放实验(n = 7)和播放与模型呈现相结合的实验(n = 6)中出现的松鸦数量相似。然而，在只播放的实验中，松鸦更靠近说话者，在更近的环境中停留的时间更长。这些结果表明，松鸦需要额外的信息来做出明智的决定。

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来源期刊

acta ethologica 生物-动物学

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： acta ethologica publishes empirical and theoretical research papers, short communications, commentaries, reviews and book reviews as well as methods papers in the field of ethology and related disciplines, with a strong concentration on the behavior biology of humans and other animals. The journal places special emphasis on studies integrating proximate (mechanisms, development) and ultimate (function, evolution) levels in the analysis of behavior. Aspects of particular interest include: adaptive plasticity of behavior, inter-individual and geographic variations in behavior, mechanisms underlying behavior, evolutionary processes and functions of behavior, and many other topics. acta ethologica is an official journal of ISPA, CRL and the Portuguese Ethological Society (SPE)