Geological and Geomechanical Properties of Abraha-Atsibha and Wukro rock-hewn churches and its surroundings, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

IF 0.3 Q4 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science Pub Date : 2017-11-30 DOI:10.4314/MEJS.V9I2.4
A. Abay, G. Mebrahtu, B. Konka
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Abstract

Globally well-known ancient rock-hewn churches are present in Ethiopia in general and particularly in the central and eastern parts of Tigray regional state. They are important sites of heritage and tourism. Most of them are facing destabilization  problem in different degree due to natural and anthropogenic factors. Among the affected, two churches hewn into sandstone located near Abreha-Atsibaha and  Wukro (Kirkos/Cherkos church) in Tigray region were chosen for detailed study in  terms of geological and engineering geological condition of the rocks in to which  they are hewn. Both of them are affected by weathering and seepage. Both are  carved into Mesozoic Adigrat sandstone that occupy higher elevations in  topography, red in color and with iron and silica-rich alternating bands. Petrographic data suggest that the rock is dominated by quartz followed by feldspars; opaque and heavy minerals; pore spaces and carbonate/iron/silica cement. The rock is  characterized by low to medium unconfined compressive strength. The alternating  bands with varying mineralogical composition differ in mechanical properties and are responding differently to weathering and erosion. This is resulting in the  development of minor spalling, pitting etc in the pillars, walls and roofs of the  churches. Keeping the geological condition in view remedial measures are to be planned to minimize deterioration with time. Keywords : Geological, Geomechanical, Rock hewn-Church, Abraha-Atsibaha, Tigray, Ethiopia.
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埃塞俄比亚北部提格雷地区Abraha-Atsibha和Wukro岩凿教堂及其周围的地质和地质力学性质
全球知名的古代岩凿教堂普遍存在于埃塞俄比亚,特别是在提格雷州的中部和东部地区。它们是重要的遗产和旅游景点。由于自然和人为因素的影响,它们大多面临不同程度的不稳定问题。在受影响的教堂中,选择了位于Tigray地区Abreha-Atsibaha和Wukro (Kirkos/Cherkos教堂)附近的两座砂岩教堂,对其所处岩石的地质和工程地质条件进行了详细研究。两者均受风化和渗流的影响。两者都雕刻在中生代亚得喀特砂岩中,该砂岩地势较高,颜色呈红色,具有富含铁和硅的交替带。岩石学资料表明,岩石以石英为主,长石次之;不透明和重矿物;孔隙空间和碳酸盐/铁/硅水泥。岩石的特点是低至中等的无侧限抗压强度。不同矿物组成的交替带具有不同的力学性能,对风化和侵蚀的反应也不同。这导致教堂的柱子、墙壁和屋顶出现轻微的剥落、点蚀等现象。考虑到地质状况,应计划补救措施,以尽量减少随着时间的推移而恶化。关键词:地质,地质力学,岩石切割-教堂,Abraha-Atsibaha, Tigray,埃塞俄比亚
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来源期刊
Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science
Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES-
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
审稿时长
12 weeks
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