Prognostic Significance of Flow Cytometric Immunophenotyping in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract

Objective: Chromosomal abnormalities are one of the most important prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, not all patients may have such informative chromosomal abnormalities. Although there are many studies on the prognostic value of immunophenotyping in AML, it is still not used as a prognostic marker. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of CD13, CD33, CD34, CD117, MPO and HLADR expressions on prognosis of non-acute promyelocytic leukemia AML. Methods: One hundred thirteen patients diagnosed as having non-acute promyelocytic leukemia AML and followed up between 2010 and 2018 were included in this study. The associations of CD13, CD33, CD34, CD117, MPO and HLA DR expressions with chemotherapy response, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were statistically analyzed. Results: It was seen that response to chemotherapy decitabine were evaluated for response after 4-6 cycles. Treatment was continued with responders until progression. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping was performed on bone marrow aspirate. Specimen processing was performed according to a routine red cell lysis protocol. Single cell suspensions were stained with various 4 fluorochrome-conjugated antibody combinations and analyzed in reference to isotype-matched fluorochrome-conjugated control antibodies. Immunophenotypic properties were evaluated with Multiparametric Cytometry MPO expression was shown to be an independent risk factor for PFS and OS in our own patient population.