Observação de pareamento de estímulos e instrução com múltiplos exemplares: efeitos sobre respostas de ouvinte e falante de crianças com TEA

Edson Luiz Nascimento dos Santos, E. Trindade, Carlos Barbosa Alves de Souza
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Abstract

Two procedures have been proposed as alternatives to induce the emergence of repertoires not directly taught: 1) multiple exemplar instruction (MEI); and 2) stimulus pairing observation procedure (SPOP). MEI implies the rotation of teaching different responses to a stimulus (ex., tact and listener response), which favors the incidental learning of these of responses to new stimuli from the teaching only one type. In SPOP is only required the observation of stimuli presented next to each other, without differential reinforcement for any responses. The results of some studies suggest that a higher frequency of pairings could lead to the emergence of tact and listener responses not taught directly, and that the stimuli pairings may affect the MEI. The present study evaluated the effect of SPOP with a higher frequency of pairings by trials on the emergence of tact and listener responses in three children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, and the effect of SPOP in teaching these responses through MEI. For two participants, SPOP with more pairings by trials favored the emergence of the listener repertoire. These participants only learned tact responses after MEI. SPOP had a facilitating effect on MEI training. The role of MEI and intensive tact training for the emergence of tact and listener repertoires is discussed, as well as the types of stimulus control that SPOP seems to favor, and the possibility of investigating SPOP in more natural situations.
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观察配对的输入和处理多个副本的听众和说话的答案:影响孩子和茶
提出了两种方法来诱导非直接教学曲目的出现:1)多范例教学(MEI);刺激配对观察程序(SPOP)。MEI意味着教学对刺激的不同反应(如机智反应和倾听反应)的轮换,这有利于从只教一种类型的新刺激的这些反应中偶然学习。在SPOP中,只需要观察相邻呈现的刺激,而不需要对任何反应进行差分强化。一些研究结果表明,较高的配对频率可能导致非直接教导的机智和听者反应的出现,并且刺激配对可能影响MEI。本研究通过实验评估了高配对频率的SPOP对三名自闭症谱系障碍儿童机智反应和倾听反应的影响,以及SPOP通过MEI教学这些反应的效果。对于两名参与者来说,通过试验获得更多配对的SPOP倾向于听众曲目的出现。这些参与者在MEI之后才学会机智反应。SPOP对MEI训练有促进作用。本文讨论了MEI和强化机智训练在机智和听者技能出现中的作用,以及SPOP似乎偏爱的刺激控制类型,以及在更自然的情况下研究SPOP的可能性。
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10 weeks
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