“Battle” between languages over the public area in the tourism destination city of Bali: lexicological and linguistic landscape perspectives

Abstract

In public areas, exposure to various languages is also beginning to be easily found in tourist cities. As far as observation, research on the linguistic landscape (hereinafter LL) in the public area is still not widely carried out, let alone lexicology is added. This study aims to: (1) know the existence of languages in the public domain as LL in tourist destinations in Bali, (2) reveal considerations that underlie the use of languages in LL in the public area, (3) explore society's perceptions towards the use of languages in LL in the public area, and (4) show the implications of the phenomenon of the use of languages in the public domain. This research uses qualitative methods through observation, interviews, and documentation. The object of the study is language exposure in public areas of tourist destinations in Bali. There are (4) four findings obtained, namely: (1) Balinese occupies the fourth position among the languages displayed in the public domain, and the top-down category gets a higher percentage of the bottom-up category, (2) Affixation is one of the lexicological processes found in LL and it was predominantly monolingual, (3) Most participants stated that the use of a variety of languages in LL is for revealing their identity, (4) As readers of LL, the society stated that the variety of languages in LL (Indonesian, English, Balinese, Mandarin, and Mixed Languages) is important to display because they know the variety of Languages, and (5) society has a prediction that Balinese will not continue to develop and disappear due to the high intensity of foreign language use in the tourism sector in Bali.