Brain Engagement During a Cognitive Flexibility Task Relates to Academic Performance in English Learners.

IF 17.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-29 DOI:10.1111/mbe.12362

Tehila Nugiel, Mackenzie E Mitchell, Damion V Demeter, AnnaCarolina Garza, Paul T Cirino, Arturo E Hernandez, Jenifer Juranek, Jessica A Church

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Abstract

English Learners (ELs), students from non-English-speaking backgrounds, are a fast-growing, understudied, group of students in the U.S. with unique learning challenges. Cognitive flexibility-the ability to switch between task demands with ease-may be an important factor in learning for ELs as they have to manage learning in their non-dominant language and access knowledge in multiple languages. We used functional MRI to measure cognitive flexibility brain activity in a group of Hispanic middle school ELs (N = 63) and related it to their academic skills. We found that brain engagement during the cognitive flexibility task was related to both out-of-scanner reading and math measures. These relationships were observed across the brain, including in cognitive control, attention, and default mode networks. This work suggests the real-world importance of cognitive flexibility for adolescent ELs, where individual differences in brain engagement were associated with educational outcomes.

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英语学习者认知灵活性任务中的大脑参与与学习成绩的关系

英语学习者（ELs），即来自非英语背景的学生，是美国一个快速增长但研究不足的学生群体，他们面临着独特的学习挑战。认知灵活性--在不同任务需求之间轻松切换的能力--可能是影响 ELs 学习的一个重要因素，因为他们必须用自己的非主导语言进行学习，并获取多种语言的知识。我们使用功能性核磁共振成像技术测量了一组西班牙裔初中英语学生（63 人）的认知灵活性大脑活动，并将其与他们的学习技能联系起来。我们发现，大脑在认知灵活性任务中的参与与扫描外阅读和数学测量结果有关。这些关系在整个大脑中都能观察到，包括认知控制、注意力和默认模式网络。这项研究表明，认知灵活性对青少年英语学习者具有重要的现实意义，大脑参与度的个体差异与教育成果相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.