Keep it steady? Not only average self-control demands matter for employees’ work engagement, but also variability

IF 5.6 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Work and Stress Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI:10.1080/02678373.2023.2180784
Fabiola H. Gerpott, W. Rivkin, S. Diestel
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Previous research has demonstrated that work-related self-control demands deplete regulatory resources and thus impair employees’ functioning. But what is more harmful to employees – facing consistent self-control demands throughout the day or frequently switching between activities that require varying levels of self-control (i.e. self-control demands variability)? To answer this question, we draw from theories of psychological contrast to propose the variability of self-control demands (i.e. changes in self-control demands within a day) as a contingency that amplifies the negative impact of daily (mean) self-control demands on evening ego depletion, which in turn spills over to next-day work engagement. This amplifying effect occurs because on days with high self-control demands variability, the contrast between unpleasant and pleasant activities at work becomes particularly salient, which requires additional self-control due to stronger experienced goal-desire conflicts. We propose that employees with high levels of burnout may be particularly vulnerable to the exacerbating effects of self-control demands variability because they suffer from chronic impairments of their ability to exert self-control. A daily diary study with 86 employees across ten days (N = 525 measurement points) largely supports our conceptual framework.
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保持稳定?平均的自我控制需求不仅对员工的工作投入很重要,而且对可变性也很重要
以往的研究表明,工作相关的自我控制需求消耗了监管资源,从而损害了员工的功能。但是,哪一种对员工的危害更大?是整天面对一致的自我控制要求,还是频繁地在需要不同程度自我控制的活动之间切换(即自我控制要求可变性)?为了回答这个问题,我们从心理对比理论中提出了自我控制需求的可变性(即一天内自我控制需求的变化),作为一种偶然性,它放大了日常(平均)自我控制需求对晚上自我消耗的负面影响,进而溢出到第二天的工作投入。这种放大效应的发生是因为在高度自我控制要求变化的日子里,工作中不愉快和愉快的活动之间的对比变得特别突出,这需要额外的自我控制,因为经历了更强烈的目标-愿望冲突。我们认为,高度倦怠的员工可能特别容易受到自我控制需求变异性的加剧影响,因为他们的自我控制能力长期受损。86名员工为期10天的每日日记研究(N = 525个测量点)在很大程度上支持了我们的概念框架。
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来源期刊
Work and Stress
Work and Stress PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED-
CiteScore
11.70
自引率
3.30%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: Work & Stress is an international, multidisciplinary quarterly presenting high-quality papers concerned with the psychological, social and organizational aspects of occupational health and well-being, and stress and safety management. It is published in association with the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology. The journal publishes empirical reports, scholarly reviews and theoretical papers. It is directed at occupational health psychologists, work and organizational psychologists, those involved with organizational development, and all concerned with the interplay of work, health and organisations. Research published in Work & Stress relates psychologically salient features of the work environment to their psychological, behavioural and health consequences, focusing on the underlying psychological processes. The journal has become a natural home for research on the work-family interface, social relations at work (including topics such as bullying and conflict at work, leadership and organizational support), workplace interventions and reorganizations, and dimensions and outcomes of worker stress and well-being. Such dimensions and outcomes, both positive and negative, include stress, burnout, sickness absence, work motivation, work engagement and work performance. Of course, submissions addressing other topics in occupational health psychology are also welcomed.
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