{"title":"Symmetric Set Coloring of Signed Graphs","authors":"Chiara Cappello, Eckhard Steffen","doi":"10.1007/s00026-022-00593-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There are many concepts of signed graph coloring which are defined by assigning colors to the vertices of the graphs. These concepts usually differ in the number of self-inverse colors used. We introduce a unifying concept for this kind of coloring by assigning elements from symmetric sets to the vertices of the signed graphs. In the first part of the paper, we study colorings with elements from symmetric sets where the number of self-inverse elements is fixed. We prove a Brooks’-type theorem and upper bounds for the corresponding chromatic numbers in terms of the chromatic number of the underlying graph. These results are used in the second part where we introduce the symset-chromatic number <span>\\(\\chi _\\mathrm{sym}(G,\\sigma )\\)</span> of a signed graph <span>\\((G,\\sigma )\\)</span>. We show that the symset-chromatic number gives the minimum partition of a signed graph into independent sets and non-bipartite antibalanced subgraphs. In particular, <span>\\(\\chi _\\mathrm{sym}(G,\\sigma ) \\le \\chi (G)\\)</span>. In the final section we show that these colorings can also be formalized as <i>DP</i>-colorings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50769,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Combinatorics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00026-022-00593-4.pdf","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Combinatorics","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00026-022-00593-4","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
There are many concepts of signed graph coloring which are defined by assigning colors to the vertices of the graphs. These concepts usually differ in the number of self-inverse colors used. We introduce a unifying concept for this kind of coloring by assigning elements from symmetric sets to the vertices of the signed graphs. In the first part of the paper, we study colorings with elements from symmetric sets where the number of self-inverse elements is fixed. We prove a Brooks’-type theorem and upper bounds for the corresponding chromatic numbers in terms of the chromatic number of the underlying graph. These results are used in the second part where we introduce the symset-chromatic number \(\chi _\mathrm{sym}(G,\sigma )\) of a signed graph \((G,\sigma )\). We show that the symset-chromatic number gives the minimum partition of a signed graph into independent sets and non-bipartite antibalanced subgraphs. In particular, \(\chi _\mathrm{sym}(G,\sigma ) \le \chi (G)\). In the final section we show that these colorings can also be formalized as DP-colorings.
期刊介绍:
Annals of Combinatorics publishes outstanding contributions to combinatorics with a particular focus on algebraic and analytic combinatorics, as well as the areas of graph and matroid theory. Special regard will be given to new developments and topics of current interest to the community represented by our editorial board.
The scope of Annals of Combinatorics is covered by the following three tracks:
Algebraic Combinatorics:
Enumerative combinatorics, symmetric functions, Schubert calculus / Combinatorial Hopf algebras, cluster algebras, Lie algebras, root systems, Coxeter groups / Discrete geometry, tropical geometry / Discrete dynamical systems / Posets and lattices
Analytic and Algorithmic Combinatorics:
Asymptotic analysis of counting sequences / Bijective combinatorics / Univariate and multivariable singularity analysis / Combinatorics and differential equations / Resolution of hard combinatorial problems by making essential use of computers / Advanced methods for evaluating counting sequences or combinatorial constants / Complexity and decidability aspects of combinatorial sequences / Combinatorial aspects of the analysis of algorithms
Graphs and Matroids:
Structural graph theory, graph minors, graph sparsity, decompositions and colorings / Planar graphs and topological graph theory, geometric representations of graphs / Directed graphs, posets / Metric graph theory / Spectral and algebraic graph theory / Random graphs, extremal graph theory / Matroids, oriented matroids, matroid minors / Algorithmic approaches