Contemporary Management of Moyamoya Disease: Part II—Imaging Features and Grading Systems

Abstract

Clinical presentations of moyamoya disease (MMD) are significantly variable and nonspecific. Radiographic characteristics seen on various imaging studies are therefore crucial in making an accurate diagnosis of MMD. Furthermore, certain imaging studies may provide information regarding disease severity and risk for stroke, thereby informing the surgeon as to a bypass procedure is indicated. The advent of various grading systems is also helpful in this regard. In the second volume of this series, imaging features and various grading systems of MMD are discussed.