Twentieth century warming of the tropical Atlantic captured by Sr‐U paleothermometry

A. Alpert, A. Cohen, D. Oppo, T. DeCarlo, G. Gaetani, E. Hernández-Delgado, A. Winter, M. Gonneea
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引用次数: 11

Abstract

Coral skeletons are valuable archives of past ocean conditions. However, interpretation of coral paleotemperature records is confounded by uncertainties associated with single element-ratio thermometers, including Sr/Ca. A new approach, Sr-U, uses U/Ca to constrain the influence of Rayleigh fractionation on Sr/Ca [DeCarlo et al., 2016]. Here, we build on the initial Pacific Porites Sr-U calibration to include multiple Atlantic and Pacific coral genera from multiple coral reef locations spanning a temperature range of 23.15-30.12 °C. Accounting for the wintertime growth cessation of one Bermuda coral, we show that Sr-U is strongly correlated with the average water temperature at each location (r2 = 0.91, P < 0.001, n = 19). We applied the multi-species spatial calibration between Sr-U and temperature to reconstruct a 96-year long temperature record at Mona Island, Puerto Rico using a coral not included in the calibration. Average Sr-U derived temperature for the period 1900-1996 is within 0.12 °C of the average instrumental temperature at this site and captures the 20th century warming trend of 0.06 °C per decade. Sr-U also captures the timing of multi-year variability but with higher amplitude than implied by the instrumental data. Mean Sr-U temperatures and patterns of multi-year variability were replicated in a second coral in the same grid box. Conversely, Sr/Ca records from the same two corals were inconsistent with each other and failed to capture absolute sea temperatures, timing of multi-year variability or the 20th century warming trend. Our results suggest that coral Sr-U paleothermometry is a promising new tool for reconstruction of past ocean temperatures.
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Sr‐U古温度计捕捉到的20世纪热带大西洋变暖
珊瑚骨架是过去海洋状况的珍贵档案。然而,珊瑚古温度记录的解释被单元素比例温度计(包括Sr/Ca)的不确定性所混淆。一种新的方法,Sr-U,使用U/Ca来限制瑞利分馏对Sr/Ca的影响[DeCarlo等人,2016]。在这里,我们建立在最初的太平洋Porites Sr-U校准的基础上,包括来自多个珊瑚礁位置的多个大西洋和太平洋珊瑚属,温度范围为23.15-30.12 °C。考虑到一种百慕大珊瑚在冬季停止生长,我们发现Sr-U与每个位置的平均水温密切相关(r2 = 0.91,P < 0.001,n = 19) 。我们应用Sr-U和温度之间的多物种空间校准,使用校准中未包括的珊瑚重建了波多黎各莫纳岛长达96年的温度记录。1900-1996年期间的Sr-U平均衍生温度在0.12以内 该地点仪器平均温度的°C,并捕捉到20世纪0.06的变暖趋势 °C/十年。Sr-U还捕捉到了多年变化的时间,但其幅度高于仪器数据所暗示的幅度。在同一网格框中的第二个珊瑚中复制了Sr-U的平均温度和多年变化模式。相反,来自同两种珊瑚的Sr/Ca记录彼此不一致,未能捕捉到绝对海洋温度、多年变化的时间或20世纪的变暖趋势。我们的研究结果表明,珊瑚Sr-U古温度测量是重建过去海洋温度的一种很有前途的新工具。
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来源期刊
Paleoceanography
Paleoceanography 地学-地球科学综合
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