FOREST FIRE RISK MAPPING FOR THE HIMALAYAN STATE UTTARAKHAND USING GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE

Abstract

Abstract. Climate change has exacerbated the intensity as well as frequency of forest fire events in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. The present study focusses on undertaking forest fire risk mapping across the state by utilizing geospatial technology along with Google Earth Engine. Ten parameters were identified that have a strong influence in determining fire prone areas. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was then implemented for the development of the risk map in which criteria weights were assigned to the parameters based on their ability to influence a forest fire event. The analysis revealed that out of the total forest area, 24.22% is under ‘very high’ risk zone, 29.24% is under ‘high’ risk zone, 18.23% is under ‘moderate’ risk zone, 7.69% is under ‘low’ risk zone and 20.62% is under ‘very low’ risk zone of forest fire. Further study was carried out to determine fire risk levels in populated regions and in some of the most critical nature reserves having high ecological importance which reveals that ‘very high’ and ‘high’ risk zones have greater population density indicating the influence of anthropogenic activities on forest fire occurrence. The results additionally indicate that four national parks and wildlife sanctuaries are particularly vulnerable to forest fires at present which is a source of concern and requires intervention from the stakeholders.