Rethinking Childhood and War in the Twentieth Century

IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Contemporary European History Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI:10.1017/s096077732300019x
Friederike Kind-Kovács
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Abstract

On 7 March 2022, Catherine Russell, UNICEF executive director, and Filippo Grandi, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, demanded that ‘unaccompanied and separated children fleeing escalating conflict in Ukraine must be protected’.1 They insisted that children should, once they crossed Ukraine's borders, be immediately registered, offered safe spaces, reunified with their families, and receive emergency care.2 Under no circumstances should children who came with their families be separated, and everything should be done to protect children from exploitation, trafficking and gender-based violence.3 However, since then, countless children from Ukraine who have crossed the borders unaccompanied have become victims of human trafficking and exploitation. Tens of thousands of children in Ukrainian state institutions or who had been orphaned prior to the war could not be protected. They were deported to Russia, many were interned in reeducation camps, and many were forcefully adopted by Russian families or moved into foster care.4 Since the war started, children have again become a means of warfare. The current war against Ukraine once more demonstrates how vulnerable children can become when they are separated from their families. Children have, once again, become targets of massive human rights violations and of crimes against humanity.
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反思二十世纪的童年与战争
2022年3月7日,联合国儿童基金会执行主任凯瑟琳·拉塞尔和联合国难民事务高级专员菲利波·格兰迪要求“必须保护逃离乌克兰冲突升级的无人陪伴和失散儿童”,与家人团聚,并接受紧急护理。2在任何情况下,与家人团聚的儿童都不应被分离,应尽一切努力保护儿童免受剥削、贩运和基于性别的暴力。3然而,从那时起,无数来自乌克兰的儿童在无人陪伴的情况下越境,成为人口贩运和剥削的受害者。乌克兰国家机构中的数万名儿童或战前成为孤儿的儿童得不到保护。他们被驱逐到俄罗斯,许多人被关押在再教育营,许多人被迫被俄罗斯家庭收养或被寄养。4自战争开始以来,儿童再次成为战争的手段。当前对乌克兰的战争再次表明,当儿童与家人分离时,他们会变得多么脆弱。儿童再次成为大规模侵犯人权和危害人类罪的目标。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
25.00%
发文量
88
期刊介绍: Contemporary European History covers the history of Eastern and Western Europe, including the United Kingdom, from 1918 to the present. By combining a wide geographical compass with a relatively short time span, the journal achieves both range and depth in its coverage. It is open to all forms of historical inquiry - including cultural, economic, international, political and social approaches - and welcomes comparative analysis. One issue per year explores a broad theme under the guidance of a guest editor. The journal regularly features contributions from scholars outside the Anglophone community and acts as a channel of communication between European historians throughout the continent and beyond it.
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