{"title":"Reflexivity: The Cases of the Niphal and Hithpael","authors":"W. Garr","doi":"10.1086/715888","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The verbal stems in Biblical Hebrew are morphologically distinct and tend to be semantically distinct as well. One stem, the qal, is morphologically and semantically basic. It has no formal augments and expresses “the largest possible array of semantic values.”1 The qal is unmarked in both form and function.2 In contrast, the other stems are derived. Each is identifiable by one or more characteristic affix. Further, “[i]t is well-known that such formal basic-derived relationships typically correlate with similar semantic relationships: The formally derived (or marked) words are generally also semantically derived in that they have some additional meaning element that is lacking in the formally basic (or unmarked) word.”3 Apart from any irregular semantic change inherent in the derivational","PeriodicalId":45745,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"341 - 356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1086/715888","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"ARCHAEOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The verbal stems in Biblical Hebrew are morphologically distinct and tend to be semantically distinct as well. One stem, the qal, is morphologically and semantically basic. It has no formal augments and expresses “the largest possible array of semantic values.”1 The qal is unmarked in both form and function.2 In contrast, the other stems are derived. Each is identifiable by one or more characteristic affix. Further, “[i]t is well-known that such formal basic-derived relationships typically correlate with similar semantic relationships: The formally derived (or marked) words are generally also semantically derived in that they have some additional meaning element that is lacking in the formally basic (or unmarked) word.”3 Apart from any irregular semantic change inherent in the derivational
期刊介绍：
Devoted to an examination of the civilizations of the Near East, the Journal of Near Eastern Studies has for 125 years published contributions from scholars of international reputation on the archaeology, art, history, languages, literatures, and religions of the Near East. Founded in 1884 as Hebraica, the journal was renamed twice over the course of the following century, each name change reflecting the growth and expansion of the fields covered by the publication. In 1895 it became the American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures, and in 1942 it received its present designation, the Journal of Near Eastern Studies. From an original emphasis on Old Testament studies in the nineteenth century.
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