QUESTIONING DAY ZERO: RIGHTS, PROVISION, AND WATER INEQUALITY IN SOUTH AFRICA

IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Human Organization Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI:10.17730/1938-3525-82.3.223
Amanda Mokoena
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Abstract

The City of Cape Town experienced one of its worst droughts in 2015–2018, resulting in the Cape Water Crisis. This crisis revealed existing and new inequalities in how the city distributed water. I conducted fieldwork in the township of Khayelitsha in Cape Town, South Africa, against the backdrop of the crisis, to investigate how the city’s response to the drought worsened water inequality in informal settlements. Geography and poor water governance negatively affected water service delivery within the city, and townships as contested spaces faced the greatest inequality. I analyzed the city’s water management policy and strategies, conducted in-depth interviews with service providers who dealt directly with water distribution in Khayelitsha, and interviewed residents in different settlements of the township. As water inequality is relative, the study required a comparative basis to make the argument of unequal distribution using John Rawls’ theory of distributive justice. Literature at the time, in general, looked at inequality across different and distant settlements, with comparisons between the township as a monolith and the central business district and suburbs. I focused on inequality by studying two settlements within the same township. Although water inequality was caused by spatial inequality, it is upheld by a host of sociopolitical factors. The South African Constitution may enshrine water as a basic human right, but experiences from Khayelitsha reveal a cost-recovery model for water service delivery that prioritizes paying customers and disregards the poor.
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质疑零点:南非的权利、供应和水资源不平等
开普敦市在2015-2018年经历了最严重的干旱之一,导致了开普敦水危机。这场危机揭示了城市在水资源分配方面存在的和新的不平等。在危机的背景下,我在南非开普敦的Khayelitsha镇进行了实地调查,以调查该市对干旱的反应如何加剧非正规住区的水不平等。地理位置和糟糕的水资源管理对城市内的供水服务产生了负面影响,而作为竞争空间的乡镇面临着最大的不平等。我分析了该市的水管理政策和战略,对直接负责Khayelitsha配水的服务提供商进行了深入采访,并采访了该镇不同定居点的居民。由于水的不平等是相对的,本研究需要一个比较的基础来利用约翰·罗尔斯的分配正义理论对不平等分配进行论证。总的来说,当时的文献着眼于不同和遥远的定居点之间的不平等,并将该镇作为一个整体与中央商业区和郊区进行了比较。我通过研究同一城镇内的两个定居点来关注不平等问题。尽管水资源不平等是由空间不平等造成的,但它受到许多社会政治因素的支持。南非宪法可能将水列为一项基本人权,但Khayelitsha的经验揭示了供水服务的成本回收模式,该模式优先考虑付费客户,忽视穷人。
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Human Organization
Human Organization Multiple-
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
31
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