IDEOLOGI SEBAGAI RAMALAN MASA DEPAN: HAKIKAT IDEOLOGI MENURUT KARL MANNHEIM

Abstract

This study aims to describe the nature of ideology according to Karl Mannheim and to analyze the ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations that underlie his thinking. This research is library research, using several methodical elements, namely description, history, language analysis, abstraction, hermeneutics, and heuristics. The results show that according to Mannheim, ideology refers to a condition that has not or did not occur, in the sense that it does not exist. Ideology means predictions about the future based on the current system. In addition, Mannheim also distinguishes two kinds of ideology, namely the particular ideology and the total ideology. A particular ideology is an ideology that is psychologically understood by an individual; while the total ideology is an ideology that is owned by a community so that it is very close to the notion of welstanchauung. From an ontological perspective, Karl Mannheim's thought about ideology contains the assumption of an objective reality. From an epistemological perspective, Karl Mannheim's thought about ideology implies epistemological subjectivism. From an axiological perspective, power related to politics still occupies the highest hierarchy in ideology. Keyword: ideology, Karl Mannheim, Vision, Future, Utopia