Incidence of complementary irrigation in sesame grains yield (Sesamun indicum L.)

Abstract

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the oldest cultivated oilseeds due to its high oil potential. In Paraguay, its cultivation has become more important in recent years, due to its efficient adaptation to medium to low fertility soils. It has become one of the main economic activities of rural family farming. One of sesame limitations is water deficiency that can damage by 20 to 30% the emergence of the crop. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the incidence of the application of complementary irrigation on the grain yield of the sesame crop. The experiments were carried out in two agricultural periods, (2016 2017 and 2017 2018) using four and six varieties, Escoba, SH 1, Dorado, PF 6 and Escoba, SH 1, INIA, IP 10, K2, K7, respectively. The experimental design used was complete random blocks with four repetitions and four varieties for the first period and six varieties with three repetitions for the second period. For each experiment, a plot with spray irrigation was used three times, at intervals of 10 days, 80 minutes each time and for a period of 45 days and another plot without irrigation. The results obtained show that there was a highly significant effect with the application of irrigation for both agricultural periods, mainly for varieties SH 1 and Escoba with a grain yield of 1,140 and 1,091 kg ha-1, respectively, representing an increase of 54% and 58%, regarding the plot control without irrigation. Therefore, the effects of the incidence of the application of complementary irrigation in agricultural soils should be considered to estimate the potential impact on grain yield in the different sesame varieties.