Morphology and molecular phylogeny of a widely distributed but little-known sand-dwelling phototrophic dinoflagellate, Coutea sabulosa gen. & sp. nov. (Dinophyceae, Alveolata)

IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q3 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY Phycologia Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI:10.1080/00318884.2023.2188006
N. Chomérat, M. Saburova, Gwenael Bilien, F. Zentz, M. Hoppenrath
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Abstract

ABSTRACT A new thecate, photosynthetic, sand-dwelling marine dinoflagellate, Coutea sabulosa gen. & sp. nov., observed in various locations from temperate to subtropical areas, is described based on detailed morphological and molecular data of material from Germany and Kuwait. Cells of C. sabulosa are oval, small (14.5–28.3 µm long and 11.1–18.0 µm wide), dorsoventrally compressed, and show a conspicuous apical hook projection pointing to the right. The epitheca is smaller than the hypotheca and the cingulum is ascending, about 3× its width. The thecal plate pattern is unusual and interpreted as APC, 4ʹ, 3a, 7ʹʹ, 5c, 4s, 6ʹʹʹ, 2ʹʹʹʹ. The APC comprises a narrow Po plate with a slit opening, located on the right-dorsal side, and it is covered by a projection of the first apical plate. Morphologically, the plate pattern has some affinities with Amphidiniella sedentaria, a sand-dwelling dinoflagellate species of roughly the same size and gross outline. However, the two taxa differ from each other in shape, size of epitheca and organization of the APC. They possess the same number of apical, precingular, postcingular and antapical plates but their relative sizes, shapes and especially the arrangement differs. Molecular phylogeny inferred from concatenated ribosomal genes reveals that C. sabulosa forms a well supported clade in the core dinoflagellates, but it is not related to any other existing taxa and diverges widely from A. sedentaria. From the present study, this new taxon appears very atypical among dinoflagellates, and further studies will be necessary to resolve its evolutionary position.
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一种广泛分布但鲜为人知的沙栖光养鞭毛藻,Coutea sabulosa gen. & sp. 11 .(鞭毛藻目,Alveolata)的形态和分子系统发育
根据德国和科威特材料的详细形态和分子数据,描述了在温带到亚热带不同地区观察到的一种新的光合作用的沙栖海洋鞭毛藻,Coutea sabulosa gen. & sp. nov.。长14.5 ~ 28.3µm,宽11.1 ~ 18.0µm,背侧压缩,顶端有明显的向右钩状突起。上皮层比下皮层小,扣带向上,约为其宽度的3倍。斑纹不同寻常,解释为APC、4、3a、7、5c、4、6、2、2。APC包括位于右背侧具有狭缝开口的窄Po板,并被第一顶板的投影覆盖。在形态上,该板纹与大小和大体轮廓大致相同的沙栖双鞭毛种Amphidiniella sedentaria有一定的亲缘关系。然而,这两个类群在APC的形状、上皮的大小和组织结构上存在差异。它们具有相同数量的根尖板、楔前板、楔后板和根尖前板,但它们的相对大小、形状,特别是排列方式不同。从核糖体基因序列推断的分子系统发育表明,C. sabulosa在核心鞭毛纲中形成了一个支持良好的分支,但与其他现有分类群没有亲缘关系,与a. sedentaria有广泛的分化。从目前的研究来看,这个新分类群在鞭毛类中显得非常不典型,需要进一步的研究来确定它的进化位置。
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来源期刊
Phycologia
Phycologia 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
18.80%
发文量
54
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Phycologia is published bimonthly by the International Phycological Society and serves as a publishing medium for information about any aspect of phycology. Membership in the Society is not necessary for publication. Submitted manuscripts cannot be previously published or submitted elsewhere. Copyright ownership of all accepted papers is held by the International Phycological Society.
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