A review on the structural and magnetic properties of differently doped bismuth-ferrite multiferroics

Abstract

Bismuth Ferrites (BFO), a multiferroic nanomaterial that possesses antiferromagnetic ordering above room temperature, has been the focus of material researchers for quite some time. Because the scope of its practical uses are caught up by its low magnetization due to its G-type antiferromagnetic nature below Neel temperature. Such coexistence of magnetic behaviour along with its ferroelectric property, has drawn deeper interest into its structure. It has been observed that doping with different elements and at different sites or co-doping has a significant influence on structural modification. These structural changes give different magnetic properties enabling BFOs for suitable applications. Furthermore, the synthesis process and other intrinsic characteristics also have an influence on modifications observed in magnetic behaviour, as seen for various reported results. Therefore, a consolidation of some of the remarkable changes in magnetic properties resulting from the structural changes using dopants, doping types and synthesis methods BFOs so far is reviewed here and presented in brief.