The Frequency and Severity of COVID-19 in Patients Receiving Biological Agents and Risk Factors: Experience of an Allergy Clinic

IF 0.3 Q4 ALLERGY Astim Allerji Immunoloji Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI:10.21911/aai.141
Sadan Soyyigit, Ş. Beyaz, Zeynep Celebi Sozener
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Abstract

Objective: The effect of biological agents used in severe allergic diseases on the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the course of the disease still remains unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate retrospectively the frequency and severity of COVID-19 to determine risk factors and to present real-life data in patients using biological agents.Materials and Methods: Patients who have used omalizumab or mepolizumab for at least six months were questioned retrospectively in terms of a history of COVID-19. Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or serological IgG positivity, symptoms, lung involvement, the need for supplemental oxygen, hospital and intensive care admission, and mortality were queried. Results: Of the 71 patients (omalizumab/mepolizumab: 51/20) included in the study, the average age was 37.2 +/- 12.9, and the female/ male ratio was 46/25. Of the 11 patients (omalizumab/mepolizumab: 6/5) with SARS-CoV-2 positivity, two were hospitalized for pneumonia and needed oxygen. However, intensive care was not required and they survived. There was no significant difference between mepolizumab users who had COVID-19 and those who did not in terms of baseline and post-treatment 6th-month eosinophil values (p= 0.7, p= 0.59, respectively). It was established that eosinopenia developing after treatment did not increase the risk of COVID-19 in patients using mepolizumab [RR (95% Cl) 0.99 (0.97-1.02), p=0.88].Conclusion: According to our single center data, we found the risk of severe COVID-19 in patients using biological agents to be quite low. Especially, eosinopenia that developed after mepolizumab treatment did not constitute a risk factor for the severity of COVID-19.
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新冠肺炎在接受生物制剂和危险因素治疗的患者中的频率和严重程度:过敏诊所的经验
目的:用于严重过敏性疾病的生物制剂对2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)风险和病程的影响仍不清楚。该研究的目的是回顾性评估新冠肺炎的频率和严重程度,以确定风险因素,并提供使用生物制剂的患者的真实数据。材料和方法:根据新冠肺炎病史,对使用奥马珠单抗或美泊珠单抗至少六个月的患者进行回顾性调查。对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)聚合酶链式反应(PCR)或血清学IgG阳性患者、症状、肺部受累、是否需要补充氧气、住院和重症监护以及死亡率进行了询问。结果:在纳入研究的71名患者中(奥马珠单抗/美宝珠单抗:51/20),平均年龄为37.2+/-12.9,女性/男性比例为46/25。在11名严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型阳性患者中(奥马珠单抗/美宝珠单抗:6/5),有两名因肺炎住院,需要吸氧。然而,不需要重症监护,他们活了下来。在基线和治疗后6个月的嗜酸性粒细胞值方面,患有新冠肺炎的美波利珠单抗使用者与未患有的美波利珠单抗使用者之间没有显著差异(分别为p=0.7和p=0.59)。研究表明,在使用美泊珠单抗的患者中,治疗后出现嗜酸性粒细胞减少症不会增加患新冠肺炎的风险[RR(95%Cl)0.99(0.97-1.02),p=0.88]。结论:根据我们的单中心数据,我们发现使用生物制剂的患者患严重新冠肺炎的风险非常低。特别是,美宝珠单抗治疗后出现的伊红细胞减少症并不构成新冠肺炎严重程度的危险因素。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
期刊介绍: Asthma Allergy Immunology has been published three times a year in April, August and December as the official and periodical journal of the Turkish National Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology since 2003. All articles published in the journal have been available online since 2003. A peer reviewed system is used in evaluation of the manuscripts submitted to Asthma Allergy Immunology. The official language of the journal is English. The aim of the journal is to present advances in the field of allergic diseases and clinical immunology to the readers. In accordance with this goal, manuscripts in the format of original research, review, case report, articles about clinical and practical applications and editorials, short report and letters to the editor about allergic diseases and clinical immunology are published in the journal. The target reader population of the Asthma Allergy Immunology includes specialists and residents of allergy and clinical immunology, pulmonology, internal medicine, pediatrics, dermatology and otolaryngology as well as physicians working in other fields of medicine interested in allergy and immunological diseases.
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