Evaluación del estado sanitario de individuos de Araucaria araucana a través de imágenes hiperespectrales

Abstract

The Araucaria araucana is an endemic species from Chile and Argentina, which has a high biological, scientific and cultural value and since 2016 has shown a severe affection of leaf damage in some individuals, causing in some cases their death. The purpose of this research was to detect, from hyperspectral images, the individuals of the Araucaria species (Araucaria araucana (Molina and K. Koch)) and its degree of disease, by isolating its spectral signature and evaluating its physiological state through indices of vegetation and positioning techniques of the inflection point of the red edge, in a sector of the Ralco National Reserve, Biobío Region, Chile. Seven images were captured with the HYSPEX VNIR-1600 hyperspectral sensor, with 160 bands and a random sampling was carried out in the study area, where 90 samples of Araucarias were collected. In addition, from the remote sensing techniques applied, spatial data mining was used, in which Araucarias were classified without symptoms of disease and with symptoms of disease. A 55.11% overall accuracy was obtained in the classification of the image, 53.4% in the identification of healthy Araucaria and 55.96% in the identification of affected Araucaria. In relation to the evaluation of their sanitary status, the index with the best percentage of accuracy is the MSR (70.73%) and the one with the lowest value is the SAVI (35.47%). The positioning technique of the inflection point of the red edge delivered an accuracy percentage of 52.18% and an acceptable Kappa index.