Is adolescence a time of heightened risk taking? An overview of types of risk-taking behaviors across age groups

IF 5.7 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Developmental Review Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.dr.2021.100980
Teena Willoughby , Taylor Heffer , Marie Good , Carly Magnacca
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引用次数: 27

Abstract

Adolescence often is thought to be the age period of heightened risk taking (e.g., substance use, reckless driving, sexual risks, delinquency) by both researchers and the general public. In the present article we challenge this assumption by examining the prevalence of a wide variety of real-world risk-taking behaviors across different age groups. Focusing on North American data, we first explore types of risk-taking behaviors across different age groups, both within and across different domains of risk taking. Second, we consider historical trends in risk taking, given that prevalence and types of risk-taking behaviors can change over time. Overall, our review highlights that emerging adulthood (i.e., 19–29 years of age) is the age period when risk taking is most prevalent across multiple domains. Risk taking in many domains, however, is common across the entire adult lifespan, sometimes with the appearance of minimal differences among emerging adults and adults. Moreover, while the majority of risk-taking behaviors have declined over time, this pattern is not consistent for all behaviors and all age groups. Thus, our understanding of whether adolescence is a heightened period of risk taking requires answering the questions: “For what type of risk taking” and “How does that type of risk-taking behavior change or not change across age and historical time periods?”

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青春期是一个风险增加的时期吗?跨年龄组的冒险行为类型概述
青少年时期通常被研究者和公众认为是高风险的时期(例如,药物使用、鲁莽驾驶、性风险、犯罪)。在本文中,我们通过研究不同年龄组中各种现实世界冒险行为的流行程度来挑战这一假设。着眼于北美的数据,我们首先探索了不同年龄组的冒险行为类型,包括不同冒险领域的内部和跨领域。其次,我们考虑了冒险行为的历史趋势,因为冒险行为的流行程度和类型会随着时间的推移而改变。总的来说,我们的回顾强调,成年初期(即19-29岁)是在多个领域冒险行为最普遍的年龄段。然而,在许多领域,冒险行为在整个成年人的生命周期中是普遍的,有时在初显期的成年人和成年人之间表现出微小的差异。此外,虽然大多数冒险行为随着时间的推移而减少,但这种模式并不适用于所有行为和所有年龄组。因此,我们对青春期是否是一个高风险时期的理解需要回答以下问题:“为了什么类型的风险”和“这种类型的风险行为是如何随着年龄和历史时期而改变或不改变的?”
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来源期刊
Developmental Review
Developmental Review PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
3.00%
发文量
27
审稿时长
51 days
期刊介绍: Presenting research that bears on important conceptual issues in developmental psychology, Developmental Review: Perspectives in Behavior and Cognition provides child and developmental, child clinical, and educational psychologists with authoritative articles that reflect current thinking and cover significant scientific developments. The journal emphasizes human developmental processes and gives particular attention to issues relevant to child developmental psychology. The research concerns issues with important implications for the fields of pediatrics, psychiatry, and education, and increases the understanding of socialization processes.
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