Discussions on the Dilemmas, Causes and Conservation Suggestions of Rural Landscape in China Based on the Field Studies

Abstract

Rural landscape conservation is one important issue of Chinese Rural Revitalization strategy, but fast urbanization has affected rural landscapes in the last four decades. This paper, based on the field works in 480 villages of 13 provinces and many local villages in the last few years in China and abroad , analyzes the landscape conservation challenges of regional characteristics, spatial landscape, agricultural context and social cultural landscapes, and advances that rural landscape is facing forces of diversities disappearing, architecture-urbanization, built-up landscape-disordering and artificializing, agricultural landscape-deecologing and de-countrysiding and rural community destructuring. Some genetic factors are explored including urban and industry culture invading, improper government intervening, shortage of rural value cognition, lack of public participation and lagging of rural theory. Finally, some conservation agendas, mainly based on Korean, Japanese and European experience, are put forward including reconstructing cultural confidence, fusion of the time and the past, emphasizing villagers dominant role, playing social organizations’ role, reuniting scattered resources, supporting systematically, being based on national conditions, legislating, strongthen theoretical studies and propping up rural landscape maintaining. 关键词: 中国乡村;风貌困境;成因辨析;立法;保护策略