On the Roles of Complexity and Symmetry in Cued Tapping of Well-formed Complex Rhythms

IF 1.3 2区 心理学 0 MUSIC Music Perception Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI:10.1525/mp.2021.39.2.202
R. Dean, D. Bulger, A. Milne
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Production of relatively few rhythms with non-isochronous beats has been studied. So we assess reproduction of most well-formed looped rhythms comprising K=2-11 cues (a uniform piano tone, indicating where participants should tap) and N=3-13 isochronous pulses (a uniform cymbal). Each rhythm had two different cue interonset intervals. We expected that many of the rhythms would be difficult to tap, because of ambiguous non-isochronous beats and syncopations, and that complexity and asymmetry would predict performance. 111 participants tapped 91 rhythms each heard over 129 pulses, starting as soon as they could. Whereas tap-cue concordance in prior studies was generally >> 90%, here only 52.2% of cues received a temporally congruent tap, and only 63% of taps coincided with a cue. Only −2 ms mean tap asynchrony was observed (whereas for non-musicians this value is usually c. −50 ms). Performances improved as rhythms progressed and were repeated, but precision varied substantially between participants and rhythms. Performances were autoregressive and mixed effects cross-sectional time series analyses retaining the integrity of all the individual time series revealed that performance worsened as complexity features K, N, and cue inter-onset interval entropy increased. Performance worsened with increasing R, the Long: short (L: s) cue interval ratio of each rhythm (indexing both complexity and asymmetry). Rhythm evenness and balance, and whether N was divisible by 2 or 3, were not useful predictors. Tap velocities positively predicted cue fulfilment. Our data indicate that study of a greater diversity of rhythms can broaden our impression of rhythm cognition.
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论复杂性和对称性在结构良好的复杂节奏的线索敲击中的作用
生产相对较少的节奏与非等时节拍已被研究。因此,我们评估了由K=2-11个线索(一个统一的钢琴音调,指示参与者应该敲击的地方)和N=3-13个等时脉冲(一个统一的铙钹)组成的大多数结构良好的循环节奏的再现。每个节奏有两个不同的提示间隔。我们预计许多节奏将难以敲击,因为模糊的非同步节拍和切分音,而复杂性和不对称性将预测性能。111名参与者在129次脉冲中听到91个节奏,每个人都尽可能快地开始。在以往的研究中,敲击线索的一致性一般为bb> 90%,而在这里,只有52.2%的线索得到了时间上一致的敲击,只有63%的敲击与线索一致。只有−2毫秒的节拍异步被观察到(而对于非音乐家,这个值通常是−50毫秒)。随着节奏的推进和重复,表演也会提高,但精确度在参与者和节奏之间存在很大差异。性能是自回归和混合效应的,横断面时间序列分析保留了所有个体时间序列的完整性,结果表明,性能随着复杂性特征K、N和线索发作间隔熵的增加而恶化。随着R的增加,每个节奏的长:短(L: s)提示间隔比(指示复杂性和不对称性),性能变得更差。节奏均匀和平衡,以及N是否能被2或3整除,都不是有用的预测因素。敲击速度正向预测提示实现。我们的数据表明,研究更多的节奏多样性可以拓宽我们对节奏认知的印象。
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来源期刊
Music Perception
Music Perception Multiple-
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
4.30%
发文量
22
期刊介绍: Music Perception charts the ongoing scholarly discussion and study of musical phenomena. Publishing original empirical and theoretical papers, methodological articles and critical reviews from renowned scientists and musicians, Music Perception is a repository of insightful research. The broad range of disciplines covered in the journal includes: •Psychology •Psychophysics •Linguistics •Neurology •Neurophysiology •Artificial intelligence •Computer technology •Physical and architectural acoustics •Music theory
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