Air pollutants-particular matter (PM)2.5 with antenatal exposure leading to Adverse Obstetrical Outcomes of Birth Weight and Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Abstract

Abstract Introduction:  PM 2.5  exposure impacts on prenatal health and birth outcomes including low birth weight and preterm delivery.  Objective:  To identify and explore PM 2.5  exposure on adverse obstetrical outcomes including preterm birth and low birth weight.  Method:  A total of 409 studies was identified by searching from PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, and SCIENCE DIRECT. Of the 409 articles from 1982 to 2020, 24 articles were identified qualitatively considered, and 7 articles were quantitively eligible included in this meta-analysis. The pooled effect of PM  2.5  exposure and LBW, PTD were calculated using a random effect model with significant heterogeneity.Totally, 7 studies conducted in meta-analysis, and the pooled effect of PM 2.5  exposure in LBW and entire pregnant were 1.033 (95%CI: 1.025, 1.041) with significant high heterogeneity (I 2 = 96.110, P=0.000). The pooled effect of PM 2.5 exposure PTD and entire pregnant were 1.024 (95%CI: 1.015, 1.033) with significant different low heterogeneity  (I 2 = 60.036, P=0.082).  Discussion:  Although prenatal exposure of PM 2.5  during pregnancy is significantly associated with the risk of LBW, the risk of PTD is a significant differrent, but consistently associated with PM 2.5 .  Conclusion:  Globally, PM 2.5  exposure is significantly associated with serious outcomes of pregnancy and birth outcomes across the world. It appears in the prenatal health emerging risks that government is needed to influence the health policies to pursue on maternal and child health.    Key words:  “maternal”,  “prenatal”, “air pollution”, “PM 2.5 ”, “Preterm Birth”, and ”Low Birth Weight.”