Evaluation of the efficiency of transurethral enucleation with bipolar energy according to prostate volume for patients with benign prostate hyperplasia

Abstract

Background

This study evaluated the efficiency and safety of transurethral enucleation with bipolar energy (TUEB) using a spatula loop according to prostate volume.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 398 patients who underwent TUEB for benign prostatic hyperplasia at a single tertiary hospital between August 2018 and December 2022. The patients were divided into three groups according to estimated prostate volume (ePV): ≤40 mL (n = 67), 40–80 mL (n = 200), and ≥80 mL (n = 131). To compare the efficiency of TUEB, perioperative parameters including TUEB and enucleation efficiencies, were calculated as enucleated tissue weight per operation time and enucleated tissue weight per enucleation time, respectively. Preoperative and postoperative functional outcomes such as the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality-of-life (QoL) score, maximum flow rate (Qmax), and post-void residual urine volume (PVR), were also compared.

Results

The IPSS total score, voiding sub-score, Qmax, and PVR improved after TUEB in all groups (all p < 0.05). The TUEB and enucleation efficiencies increased with increasing ePVs (all P < 0.001). When comparing the three prostate volume groups, there were no significant differences in functional outcomes within 12 months after TUEB (all-Bonferroni adjusted P > 0.017). A total of 57 patients experienced adverse events after TUEB, with no significant differences between the three groups (p = 0.507)

Conclusion

As prostate volume increases, the perioperative efficiency of TUEB is enhanced. Meanwhile, small prostates did not show significant differences in the improvement of functional outcomes and complications in comparison with larger prostates.