Toward epistemological identification of the four major mindscapes

K. Fatehi, Gita Taasoobshirazi, J. Sánchez-Gutiérrez
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Abstract

Purpose Japanese American philosopher Magoroh Maruyama (1969) proposed the Mindscape theory, a macro model of cultural differences identification. The theory suggests inter-and intra-cultural heterogeneity and four major Mindscapes of H, I, S and G. He and his colleagues designed 64 graphic geometric patterns based on redundant and non-redundant complexity to recognize the Mindscapes in cultures. However, there is no method of identifying each Mindscape individually/separately. In other words, specificity is missing in this theory. Without such identification, the applicability of the Mindscape theory in international business is limited. This study aims to provide the needed specificity. Design/methodology/approach The present study applies Harvey’s (1966) four epistemological systems to identify each of the four Mindscapes. According to Maruyama and Harvey, three of Harvey’s four systems are identical to the three Mindscapes of H, I and G. If the authors can match the three Mindscapes with the three Harvey’s systems, what remains the authors assume to be the fourth Mindscape. Findings The current study determined various graphic and geometric patterns associated with each of the four Mindscapes. In doing so, the study expanded the applicability of the theory in international business. Research limitations/implications Harvey (1966) administered nine psychological tests (instruments) to many subjects over nearly two decades to determine the four systems. Using nine major instruments is very challenging, demanding and time-consuming. For ease of application and saving time, the authors used one of these instruments as an example. Ideally, the authors should use all. Originality/value Mindscape theory suggests that each of the four salient Mindscapes is more relevant to a specific situation, such as human resource management, motivation, leadership, conflict resolution and others. By identifying each Mindscape, this study expands the use of Mindscape theory.
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四种主要心理景观的认识论认同
目的日裔美国哲学家丸山Magoroh Maruyama(1969)提出了文化差异认同的宏观模型——Mindscape理论。该理论提出了文化间和文化内的异质性以及H、I、S和g四种主要的心理景观。他和他的同事基于冗余和非冗余复杂性设计了64种图形几何图案来识别文化中的心理景观。然而,没有办法单独或单独地识别每个Mindscape。换句话说,这个理论缺少特异性。没有这样的识别,心智景观理论在国际商务中的适用性是有限的。本研究旨在提供所需的特异性。设计/方法论/方法本研究采用Harvey(1966)的四个认识论系统来识别四种思维景观中的每一个。根据Maruyama和Harvey的说法,Harvey的四个系统中有三个与H, I和g的三个Mindscape相同。如果作者可以将这三个Mindscape与Harvey的三个系统相匹配,那么剩下的就是第四个Mindscape。目前的研究确定了与四种思维模式相关的各种图形和几何图案。这样,该研究扩大了该理论在国际商务中的适用性。研究局限/启示sharvey(1966)在近二十年的时间里对许多受试者进行了九次心理测试(工具),以确定这四个系统。使用九种主要乐器非常具有挑战性,要求高,耗时长。为了方便应用和节省时间,作者以其中一种仪器为例。理想情况下,作者应该使用所有。原创性/价值思维景观理论认为,这四种显著的思维景观中的每一种都与特定情境更为相关,如人力资源管理、动机、领导力、冲突解决等。通过对每一种心理景观的识别,本研究扩展了心理景观理论的应用。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
25.80%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: Review of International Business and Strategy is keen to present contemporary and innovative research that proposes new perspectives or challenges existing theories, and that advances the understanding of issues related to international business and global strategy. Themes covered by the journal include (but are not limited to): Internationalization of firms and international entrepreneurship Effects of international environment (political, social, economic and institutional) on international business activities and firm strategies Knowledge transfer strategies and innovation in MNEs Location strategies in international business activities.
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