Hizkuntza-tratamenduak Dragoi Bolan: hierarkia, gaiztotasuna eta etsaitasuna

Abstract

This study deeply analyses the Japanese series Dragon Ball, broadcast by ETB1 in the 90s, and it is focused on the use of the different address forms in the Basque translation. We describe the qualitative work about the contents of the series and the information elicited during the interviews to the main agents of the translation process. The translators took much advantage of the informal form of address, not only because many characters use it very often, but also because the different connotations that hika can suggest are present in the series. We specially observed a top-down use of hika, and this hierarchy is established by different factors: age, power and evil, among others. 90eko hamarkadan ETB1ek igorritako Dragoi Bola telesail japoniarraren azterketa xehea egiten da lan honetan, euskarazko itzulpenean hizkuntza-tratamenduei ematen zaien erabilerari erreparatuta. Telesaileko edukien azterketa kualitatiboa eta telesailaren euskarazko itzulpenean parte hartu zutenei elkarrizketak eginda ikusitakoen berri ematen da. Hitanoaren erabilera bereziki zukutu zuten itzultzaileek, bai pertsonaia askok franko erabiltzen dutelako, bai hitanoak pertsonaiei eman diezazkiekeen konnotazio ugariak presente daudelako. Goitik beherako hitanoa ikusi dugu nagusiki, eta hierarkia hori zenbait faktorek markatzen dute: adinak, botereak eta gaiztotasunak, besteak beste.