Epiphytic bryophytes and lichens in Graz and Podgorica (Austria and Montenegro)

Abstract

Abstract: Sündhofer, R., Mayrhofer, H., Werth, S., Dragićević, S. & Berg, C. 2021. Epiphytic bryophytes and lichens in Graz and Podgorica (Austria and Montenegro). – Herzogia 34: 299 –326. In Graz (Austria) and Podgorica (Montenegro), epiphytic lichens and bryophytes were studied in 2017 based on a standardized approach. On 165 trees in Graz, 27 bryophyte and 38 lichen species were determined. In Podgorica, on 161 trees, 29 bryophyte and 52 lichen species were found. The mean epiphytic cover in Graz was significantly higher. Mean bryophyte cover was higher in Podgorica, mean lichen cover was significantly higher in Graz. Many species occurred in both cities. The mean species number per plot was nearly the same in both cities. Five urban habitat types were distinguished: parks, garden city, residential area, industrial area, and areas along rivers. Mean species numbers of lichens and bryophytes differed significantly between phorophyte species. The tree trunk circumference had no significant impact on the species number. Bryophytes preferred a northern and western exposition on the tree trunk. For lichens, this pattern could not be confirmed. Agonimia opuntiella, Caloplaca cerinelloides, Candelariella viae-lacteae, Catapyrenium psoromoides, and Mycobilimbia epixanthoides were reported for the first time in Montenegro.