Behavioural repeatability in Sardinian warblers (Sylvia melanocephala): larger individuals are more aggressive

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES acta ethologica Pub Date : 2021-01-06 DOI:10.1007/s10211-020-00358-3
Patrícia Beltrão, Carlos Godinho, Rui Lourenço, Pedro Filipe Pereira
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Birds can behave aggressively towards conspecifics to defend a territory and to compete for access to food and mates. The effects of phenotypes, such as sex and age, in aggressive behaviour have not yet been fully understood. Moreover, differences in aggression levels can reflect alternative behavioural strategies (i.e. proactive–reactive axis). We aimed to understand the relation between aggressive behaviour and different phenotypes (i.e. age, sex, body size) and between behaviours present in the proactive–reactive axis (i.e. aggression, exploration and fear). We studied the behaviour of a highly territorial species that shows sexual dimorphism, the Sardinian warbler (Sylvia melanocephala), using four behavioural tests: mirror, exploration, predation and tonic immobility. The tests measured respectively aggression, exploration and fear (the last two). Our results showed that the studied behaviours were not related to each other, suggesting an absence of the proactive–reactive axis. Only body size was found to predict aggressive behaviour, which might signal fighting ability in this species. Males and females did not differ in their aggression levels, suggesting that both sexes might play a role in territory defence. These results may reflect the importance of territorial defence in both sexes for species evolution.

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撒丁岛莺(Sylvia melanocephala)的行为可重复性:体型较大的个体更具攻击性
鸟类会对同种动物表现出攻击性,以保卫自己的领地,并争夺食物和配偶。性别和年龄等表现型对攻击性行为的影响尚未完全了解。此外,攻击水平的差异可以反映不同的行为策略(即主动-反应轴)。我们旨在了解攻击行为与不同表型(即年龄、性别、体型)之间的关系,以及存在于主动-反应轴(即攻击、探索和恐惧)中的行为之间的关系。我们研究了撒丁岛莺(Sylvia melanocephala)这种具有高度领地性的物种的行为,这种物种表现出性别二态性,我们使用了四种行为测试:镜像、探索、捕食和补性静止。这些测试分别测量了攻击性、探索性和恐惧(后两者)。我们的研究结果表明,所研究的行为彼此不相关,表明缺乏主动-反应轴。只有体型可以预测攻击行为,这可能是这个物种战斗能力的信号。雄性和雌性在攻击水平上没有差异,这表明两性都可能在领土防御中发挥作用。这些结果可能反映了两性在物种进化中领土防御的重要性。
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来源期刊
acta ethologica
acta ethologica 生物-动物学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: acta ethologica publishes empirical and theoretical research papers, short communications, commentaries, reviews and book reviews as well as methods papers in the field of ethology and related disciplines, with a strong concentration on the behavior biology of humans and other animals. The journal places special emphasis on studies integrating proximate (mechanisms, development) and ultimate (function, evolution) levels in the analysis of behavior. Aspects of particular interest include: adaptive plasticity of behavior, inter-individual and geographic variations in behavior, mechanisms underlying behavior, evolutionary processes and functions of behavior, and many other topics. acta ethologica is an official journal of ISPA, CRL and the Portuguese Ethological Society (SPE)
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