Vozes à infância silenciada: impactos da hospitalização e hemodiálise à escolarização de crianças com doença renal crônica

Abstract

The impacts of hospitalization and/or hemodialysis outpatient care to the schooling process of children with chronic renal failure may be compromising the child's development, causing the same contextual ruptures, changes in daily life, impediments to the continuity of studies and to the previous experienced routine. We tried to analyze the impacts of hospitalization and/or hemodialysis outpatient care to the schooling process of children with chronic renal failure. It was a quanti-qualitative, descriptive survey in the form of multiple cases. The participants were 10 children with chronic renal failure, from 8 to 12 years old, in three contextual groups: three hospitalized children, six in hemodialysis outpatient care and one submitted to the two hospital processes, in two care units of a federal public hospital in Sao Luis. Semi-structured interviews involving interactive history, autobiographical book and wish box were applied individually with them. The greatest impacts of hospitalization and/or hemodialysis outpatient care on the schooling process were: school delays and future commitments due to the impossibility of school attendance (60%); loss of school bond due to the distance between hospital and school (20%); lack of appropriate resources for schooling in the hospital (10%) and difficulties to enroll in a school close to home (10%). It was concluded that the greatest impacts to schooling were manifested by children under hemodialysis treatment because it is a continuous, unpredictable and undetermined process, demanding greater deprivation of the school context or even absences, ranging from five months to four years, causing greater school deficits and compromising school life.