Fracture toughness determination of porcine muscle tissue based on AQLV model derived viscous dissipated energy.

Othniel J. Aryeetey, Martin Frank, A. Lorenz, D. Pahr
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The ability of soft collagenous tissue (SCT) to withstand propagation of a defect in the presence of a macroscopic crack is termed the 'fracture toughness parameter'. In soft tissues not undergoing significant plastic deformation, it is purported that a considerable amount of additional energy is dissipated during failure processes, due to viscoelasticity. Hence the total work, measured experimentally during failure, is the sum of fracture and viscoelastic energies. Previous authors have aimed to apply constitutive modeling to describe viscoelastic hysteresis for fracture toughness determination with a tendency of models to either over or underestimate the viscous energy. In this study, the fracture toughness of porcine muscle tissue is determined using two strategies. Firstly, it was determined experimentally by calculation of the difference in dissipated energy of notched and unnotched tissue specimens undergoing cyclic 'triangular wave' excitation with increasing strain levels in uniaxial tension. The second strategy involved the extension and use of the adaptive quasi-linear viscoelastic model (AQLV) to model cyclic loading (model parameters were obtained from a previous study) and sequentially the dissipated energy was calculated. The mean value of the dissipated energy based on the AQLV approach was then subtracted from the total dissipated energy of notched porcine muscle tissue samples to determine the fracture toughness. The mean experimental viscous dissipated energy ratio was 0.24 ± 0.04 in the experimental approach, compared to 0.28 ± 0.03 for the AQLV model. Fracture toughness determined experimentally yielded 0.84 ± 0.80 kJ/m2, and 0.71 ± 0.76 kJ/m2 for the AQLV model, without a significant difference (p = 0.87). Hence, the AQLV model enables a reasonable estimation of viscous dissipated energy in porcine muscle tissue with the advantage to perform tests only on notched specimens, instead of testing additional unnotched samples. Moreover, the AQLV model will help to better understand the constitutive viscoelastic behaviour of SCTs and might also serve as a basis for future fracture toughness determination with constitutive model simulations.
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基于AQLV模型的猪肌肉组织断裂韧性测定
软胶原组织(SCT)在存在宏观裂纹的情况下承受缺陷扩展的能力被称为“断裂韧性参数”。在没有经历显著塑性变形的软组织中,据称由于粘弹性,在破坏过程中会耗散相当多的额外能量。因此,在破坏过程中实验测量的总功是断裂能和粘弹性能的总和。以前的作者旨在应用本构模型来描述用于断裂韧性测定的粘弹性滞后,模型倾向于高估或低估粘性能。在本研究中,采用两种策略确定猪肌肉组织的断裂韧性。首先,在单轴拉伸条件下,通过计算有缺口和无缺口组织试样在循环“三角波”激励下随应变水平增加的耗散能差,进行了实验研究。第二种策略涉及扩展和使用自适应准线性粘弹性模型(AQLV)来模拟循环加载(模型参数从先前的研究中获得),并依次计算耗散能量。然后用缺口猪肌肉组织样品的总耗散能减去基于AQLV方法的耗散能均值,确定缺口猪肌肉组织样品的断裂韧性。实验方法的平均粘性耗散能比为0.24±0.04,而AQLV模型的平均耗散能比为0.28±0.03。实验测定的断裂韧性为0.84±0.80 kJ/m2, AQLV模型为0.71±0.76 kJ/m2,差异无统计学意义(p = 0.87)。因此,AQLV模型能够合理地估计猪肌肉组织中的粘性耗散能,其优点是只对缺口样品进行测试,而不需要对额外的非缺口样品进行测试。此外,AQLV模型将有助于更好地理解sct的本构粘弹性行为,也可能作为未来通过本构模型模拟确定断裂韧性的基础。
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