How Pentecostalism Emerged as a form of Resistance to Racial Oppression in the US

IF 0.3 0 RELIGION Culture and Religion Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI:10.1080/14755610.2023.2175880
Gabriel O. Apata
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Abstract

ABSTRACT The history of resistance to black racial oppression in the US dates back at least to slavery. From abolition to the Civil Rights Movement, the Black Panther party, and the BlackLivesMatter Movement, each of these oppositions to racial injustice has been much discussed in the literature, but less often discussed is the role that Pentecostalism played in shaping black struggle for racial justice. This paper attempts to bridge this gap by showing how Pentecostalism in the US emerged as perhaps the first organised black protestant movement of the post bellum years. It traces its roots to African culture and argues that Pentecostalism embodied the positive ontology of black cultural expressionism and empowerment, which laid the foundation for the resistance movements that came later. This is the ontology of the spirit and performance from which blackness drew its resilience and resistance to racial oppression.
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五旬节派如何在美国成为一种抵抗种族压迫的形式
美国反抗黑人种族压迫的历史至少可以追溯到奴隶制时期。从废奴运动到民权运动,从黑豹党到黑人生命也重要运动,这些反对种族不公正的运动在文学作品中都有很多讨论,但很少有人讨论五旬节派在塑造黑人争取种族正义的斗争中所起的作用。本文试图通过展示美国五旬节派如何成为战后第一个有组织的黑人新教运动来弥合这一差距。它将其根源追溯到非洲文化,并认为五旬节派体现了黑人文化表现主义和赋权的积极本体论,为后来的抵抗运动奠定了基础。这是黑人精神和表现的本体论,黑人从中获得了对种族压迫的恢复和抵抗。
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