La Critique et le dépassement de la « méthode expérimentale » dans Thérèse Raquin

IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LITERATURE, ROMANCE Nottingham French Studies Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI:10.3366/nfs.2021.0330
Hélène Sicard-Cowan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article makes the case for reading Zola’s protagonists Laurent and Thérèse as literary foils for one of the founding fathers of the experimental method, namely the physiologist Claude Bernard, and his wife, Fanny Martin. Drawing more particularly on elements from Bernard’s and Martin’s lives, as well as Bernard’s scientific writings, the article shows that Zola ‘performs’ two grueling experiments in the aforementioned novel: the first one, initiated by the author himself, results in the death of three protagonists and the paralysis of the fourth one; the second experiment, initiated by Laurent, reveals that the latter’s evaluation of Thérèse and his ensuing hypothesis are seriously flawed. In fact, Laurent’s gaze is marred by his tendency to ‘dirty’ nature (‘salir la nature,’ to borrow Zola’s expression), and his experiment doesn’t turn out the way he had originally planned, as both lovers turned murderers end up committing suicide together. This article thus argues that, in Thérèse Raquin, Zola resorts to critical posturing as a vivisector in a text that can be read as a revenge narrative which gestures towards the possibility for vivisectors to be ‘redeemed’ as individuals made fully capable of feeling compassion for their objects through angelic intervention.
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therese Raquin对“实验方法”的批判与超越
本文将左拉笔下的主人公洛朗和泰瑞兹解读为实验方法的创始人之一,生理学家克劳德·伯纳德和他的妻子范妮·马丁的文学陪衬。文章特别借鉴了伯纳德和马丁的生活元素,以及伯纳德的科学著作,表明左拉在上述小说中“进行”了两次艰苦的实验:第一次由作者自己发起,导致三位主角死亡,第四位主角瘫痪;由Laurent发起的第二个实验表明,后者对Thérèse的评价和随后的假设存在严重缺陷。事实上,劳伦特的凝视被他“肮脏”自然的倾向所破坏(借用左拉的说法,“肮脏的自然”),他的实验并没有按照他最初的计划进行,因为两个恋人变成了杀人犯,最终一起自杀。因此,这篇文章认为,在《Thérèse Raquin》中,左拉在一篇可以被解读为复仇叙事的文本中,将批判姿态作为活体解剖,表明活体解剖有可能被“救赎”,因为个体完全有能力通过天使的干预对自己的物体感到同情。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Nottingham French Studies
Nottingham French Studies LITERATURE, ROMANCE-
CiteScore
0.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: Nottingham French Studies is an externally-refereed academic journal which, from Volume 43, 2004, appears three times annually, with at least one special and one general issue each year. Its Editorial Board is drawn from members of the Department of French and Francophone Studies of the University of Nottingham, with the support of an International Advisory Board.
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