Laisvė išvykti: asmens judumo kontrolė Tado Kosciuškos sukilimo metu

Abstract

. The article analyses the development of mobility control during the Kościuszko Uprising. Based on the documentation of the central uprising institutions and the local regulatory commissions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the article shows that the regulation of the issue of departure permits during the 1794 Uprising in Poland and Lithuania reflected the general tendencies of tightening migration control undertaken by revolutionary governments in Europe during the modern era. Summary The article analyses the development of mobility control in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth during the Tadeusz Kościuszko Uprising of 1794. Based on the documentation of the central uprising institutions and the local regulatory commissions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the article reveals the administrative mobility control system introduced by the uprising leadership and shows that this system reflected the general tendencies of tightening migration control undertaken by revolutionary governments in Europe during the modern era. From the first days the leadership of the Kościuszko Uprising paid special attention to the control of arriving and departing persons. During the uprising the functions of mobility control and the issue of personal identification documents were performed by two-level institutions – the central leadership of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and local institutions – regulatory land commissions, which retained the name of civil military commissions in some places, as well as city magistrates. The military leadership issued permits of departure to the persons serving in the army. the Passport Department the Provisional The Passport Deputation functioned in accordance with the by the 28 until suppression the the activities of the Passport Deputation were to the Security Department the Supreme National Council. The passports issued by the central uprising were endorsed with a round seal of the uprising bearing a Polish slogan “FREEDOM, UNITY AND INDEPENDENCE” (Wolność, Całość y Niepodległość). Vilnius were issued and the verification of personal identity was carried out by Lithuanian Supreme National Council; performed by the Passport Deputation of the Security Department under the Central Deputation of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Whereas the uprising leadership sought to ensure domestic security, to identify foreigners,