Monitoring spatial and time-series variations in red crown rot damage of soybean in farmer fields based on UAV remote sensing

Abstract

ABSTRACT Red crown rot (RCR) is a soil-borne disease that damages soybean growth and decreases yield. Infected plants show earlier defoliation and pencil-like roots, sometimes resulting in mortality. This disease became common relatively recently, and information about its field-scale appearance is insufficient. Insufficient data is a major constraint when planning countermeasures. In this study, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-acquired images were used to visualize the spatial and time series variation in the area damaged by RCR in the same farmer fields in 2018 and 2020. Field investigation showed that RCR severely damaged soybean production. The reductions of yield were estimated at 17.5% and 12.7% in 2018 and 2020, respectively. The visualized damage clarified the difference in the increasing rate and patterns of RCR between the 2 years. In 2018, the damaged area expanded along the planting row to the whole field, but in 2020, the expansion along the planting row was not great, and half of the fields remained sparsely damage. This difference implies that various factors are associated with damage occurrence and pathogen distribution. The method applied in this study is effective in visualizing RCR damage, but further improvement is required in the evaluation of intermediate damage and the generalization of the evaluation procedure. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT