Evaluation of association of impairment of attention with other symptoms of delirium

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the association of impairment of attention with other symptoms of delirium. Methodology: Eighty-six patients with delirium as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th Revision seen in the consultation-liaison psychiatry setup of a tertiary care hospital were cross-sectionally assessed on the short informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly (Retrospective), montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), and delirium rating scale revised-98 (DRS-R98) version. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 46.6 (standard deviation [SD] – 16.4) years. All the patients had impairment in attention with the altered sleepwake cycle, acute onset of illness, with the fluctuating course and underlying physical disease. In terms of severity, the severity score was the highest for the item of sleep-wake cycle disturbances, followed by motor agitation. The mean noncognitive symptoms domain of the DRS-R98 domain were more than the mean score of the cognitive symptom domain of DRS-R98. The mean total score on MoCA was 11.9 (SD: 7.5). Higher attention impairment was associated with more severe noncognitive and cognitive symptoms and higher delirium severity as assessed by DRS-R98. Higher severity of attention deficit was also associated with higher impairment in other domains of cognition of MoCA. Cognitive symptoms, as evaluated by DRS-R98, had more significant correlations with various domains of MoCA except for language and abstraction. Conclusion: Attention deficits are the core symptom of delirium and have a significant impact on other cognitive and noncognitive symptoms of delirium.