Efficacy of Cannabidiol in Treating Osteoarthritis

Abstract

Purpose: This article aims to review the treatment options for osteoarthritis and discuss the potential efficacy of cannabidiol (CBD) as an alternative treatment. Method: A PubMed literature search was conducted with search terms osteoarthritis (OA), cannabidiol, and CBD. Sixteen pertinent articles were retrieved and served as the basis for this clinical review. Three additional citations were used to provide supplementary information. Results: The ability of CBD to reduce acute OA synovitis, reduce neuropathic joint pain, and prevent the progression of OA pain has resulted in increased interest in CBD as an alternative treatment for arthritis. Clinical studies with systemic CBD administration showed no evidence of adverse side effects in animals. Preliminary studies show promising results on pain relief and functional activity in rats. Conclusion: The use of alternative treatments of OA may provide symptomatic relief with limited associated risk. CBD is a non–euphoria-producing compound retrieved from the hemp plant that has shown less severe adverse effects than other analgesic medications. We must continue developing and using new treatment options to alleviate the pain related to OA and increase the patient's quality of life where surgical treatment is not indicated. The Food and Drug Administration has not approved CBD products for treatment of OA, and no human trials are available at this time. Futures studies are needed to compare the efficacy of CBD to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or corticosteroid injections, to determine the efficacy and safety profile on human subjects, and to determine the mode of CBD administration that is most effective.