Relationship Between Anosmia, Interleukin-6, and Disease Course of SARS COVID-19 Infection

IF 0.2 Q4 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY ENT Updates Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI:10.5152/entupdates.2022.22233
K. Georgiev, Yana Pacholova, S. Mileva, M. Yordanova, N. Shopov
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Abstract

Background: Olfactory dysfunction became increasingly popular as an early symptom of COVID-19 infection, associated with a positive outcome and milder course of the disease. Initial studies suggest that interleukin-6 directly damages the olfactory bulb, thus playing an important role in the mechanism of anosmia. Higher plasma levels of interleukin-6, on the other hand, are related to the severe course of the disease after COVID-19 infection. Methods: The present study explores the predictive power and the relationship between anosmia and plasma levels of interleukin-6 in 122 patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 in the period March to November 2021 in the Hospital Base for Active Treatment of Military Medical Academy, Varna, Bulgaria. Results: The positive correlation between plasma levels of interleukin-6 and disease severity was confirmed. Also, we observed a significant decrease in interleukin-6 plasma levels during the course of the disease in patients with a favorable outcome. There was no statistically significant difference between plasma levels of interleukin-6 in recovered patients with and without anosmia. We also reported a high percentage of hospitalized and deceased patients with anosmia. Conclusions: In patients with moderate-to-severe SARS CoV-2 infection, anosmia has not been proven to be a prognostic sign for a positive outcome of the disease. However, our data show that plasma levels of interleukin-6 have good predictive power for the course and outcome of the infection. We found a positive correlation between interleukin-6 and the severity of the disease. Favorable outcome was most often preceded by a rapid drop in interleukin-6 levels.
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急性呼吸系统综合征新冠肺炎患者血清缺氧、白细胞介素-6与病程的关系
背景:嗅觉功能障碍作为新冠肺炎感染的早期症状越来越受欢迎,与阳性结果和较轻的病程相关。初步研究表明,白细胞介素-6直接损害嗅球,从而在嗅觉缺失的机制中发挥重要作用。另一方面,较高的血浆白细胞介素-6水平与新冠肺炎感染后的严重病程有关。方法:本研究探讨了2021年3月至11月在保加利亚瓦尔纳军事医学院积极治疗医院基地因新冠肺炎住院的122名患者的嗅觉缺失与血浆白细胞介素-6水平之间的关系及其预测能力。结果:血浆白细胞介素-6水平与疾病严重程度呈正相关。此外,我们观察到患者在病程中白细胞介素-6血浆水平显著下降,结果良好。有嗅觉缺失和无嗅觉缺失的康复患者的血浆白细胞介素-6水平之间没有统计学上的显著差异。我们还报告了高比例的嗅觉缺失住院和死亡患者。结论:在中重度严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染的患者中,嗅觉缺失尚未被证明是该疾病阳性结果的预后标志。然而,我们的数据表明,血浆白细胞介素-6水平对感染的过程和结果具有良好的预测能力。我们发现白细胞介素-6与疾病的严重程度呈正相关。有利的结果通常是白细胞介素-6水平的快速下降。
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ENT Updates
ENT Updates OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY-
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