Branched chain and other amino acid intakes are inversely associated with sarcopenia among community elders in Qingdao, China.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that dietary amino acid intakes are associated with the risk of sarcopenia through a community-based observational study. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN A total of 1,140 participants (72.7±6.3 y) were recruited from an annual health check-up program in Qingdao, China. Skeletal muscle mass, muscle mass functions and biochemical parameters were measured by standard methods. Dietary intake was assessed by 3-day, 24-hour food records. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of sarcopenic risk across quartiles of amino acid intakes were calculated using a multivariable- adjusted logistic regression model. Generalized linear models were used to assess the associations between dietary amino acid intakes and muscle mass functions. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was 4.1%. Compared with the lowest category intake, the highest category of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) (OR=0.11; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.90; p for trend=0.119), isoleucine (OR=0.11; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.89; p for trend=0.122) and tryptophan (OR=0.10; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.87; p for trend=0.176) was negatively correlated with sarcopenic risk with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Generalized linear model analysis showed that gait speed was positively correlated with dietary intakes of lysine, threonine, leucine, valine, tryptophan, BCAAs and aromatic amino acids (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Higher intakes of BCAAs were associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia, which might beneficially protect against sarcopenia and improve physical function of the elderly.