A GENTLE GRADUALIST IN A CATASTROPHISTS’ WORLD: REINHOLD SEEMANN’S TECTONIC THEORY OF RIES IMPACT CRATER (GERMANY)

IF 0.3 4区 哲学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Earth Sciences History Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.17704/1944-6187-41.1.161
M. Kölbl‐Ebert
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Abstract

The German geologist Reinhold Seemann (1888–1975), curator at the Wurttemberg natural history collections in Stuttgart, focussed most of his scientific work on the younger Tertiary north of the Alps. After 1936 he became especially interested in the Nordlinger Ries, an enigmatic geological structure in Southern Germany, which at that time was considered by most geologists to have originated through a volcanic catastrophe, but in the 1960s was to be reinterpreted as an impact crater. Seemann, however, adhered to a gradualist theory of Ries Basin genesis throughout his life, regarding the abundant broken and fragmented debris at Ries Basin as tectonic breccias, crushed by a hypothetical subterranean ‘wedge’ of rock slowly moving north, pushed by pressure built-up during alpine orogenesis and surfacing at the Ries area. As his correspondence with his younger colleague Helmut Holder shows, Seemann’s tectonic alternative was motivated strongly by his philosophical attitude preferring even wildly speculative and complex processes—as long as they acted gently and gradually—over any violent, catastrophic explanations however well-founded. His philosophy may have been influenced by his personal experience with two world wars, leading to his preference and campaigning for a gentle view of geological processes.
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灾难学家世界中温和的渐进主义者:赖因霍尔德·席曼的RIES撞击坑构造理论(德国)
德国地质学家Reinhold Seemann(1888-1975)是斯图加特符腾堡自然史收藏馆的馆长,他的大部分科学工作都集中在阿尔卑斯山以北的年轻第三纪。1936年后,他对德国南部神秘的地质结构Nordlinger Ries特别感兴趣,当时大多数地质学家认为它起源于一场火山灾难,但在20世纪60年代,它被重新解释为一个撞击坑。然而,Seemann一生都坚持里斯盆地成因的渐进理论,将里斯盆地丰富的破碎碎片视为构造角砾岩,被缓慢向北移动的假设地下岩石“楔”压碎,受到高山造山运动期间形成的压力的推动,并在里斯地区浮出水面。正如他与年轻同事赫尔穆特·霍尔德(Helmut Holder。他的哲学可能受到了他在两次世界大战中的个人经历的影响,这导致他倾向于对地质过程持温和的看法。
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来源期刊
Earth Sciences History
Earth Sciences History GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
1
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Earth Sciences History promotes and publishes historical work on all areas of the earth sciences – including geology, geography, geophysics, oceanography, paleontology, meteorology, and climatology. The journal honors and encourages a variety of approaches to historical study: biography, history of ideas, social history, and histories of institutions, organizations, and techniques. Articles are peer reviewed.
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