{"title":"The Iranian approach to architectural restoration: a style derived from nationalism","authors":"Mehdi Hooshyari","doi":"10.1080/19455224.2022.2157852","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Modern conservation was formed under the influence of two approaches, ‘stylistic restoration’ and ‘conservation’ as pioneered by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc and John Ruskin, respectively. In Iran, due to the prevalence of both modernity and nationalism at the beginning of the twentieth century, a period of extensive restoration of historic buildings was begun. The aim of this study is to identify the implicit principles of that restoration, and it is argued that it had its own characteristics due to the unfamiliarity in Iran with European approaches to conservation. Case studies were used to provide data for analysis to identify the principles and themes guiding the restoration. These included effecting the ‘perfection or completeness of the architectural work’, ‘decoration and beautification’, ‘harmony’, and restoration that exemplified ‘traditional art’ and ‘traditional proficiency’, all of which indicate a similarity with the characteristics of ‘stylistic restoration’, the purpose of which, according to Viollet-le-Duc, was to reinstate a building in a complete and ideal condition. This approach is interpreted as being in accordance with the prevalence of nationalism both in Europe and Iran, but where modern principles such as readability and minimal intervention were disregarded in the Iranian approach to such restorations.","PeriodicalId":43004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","volume":"46 1","pages":"37 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of the Institute of Conservation","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19455224.2022.2157852","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Abstract Modern conservation was formed under the influence of two approaches, ‘stylistic restoration’ and ‘conservation’ as pioneered by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc and John Ruskin, respectively. In Iran, due to the prevalence of both modernity and nationalism at the beginning of the twentieth century, a period of extensive restoration of historic buildings was begun. The aim of this study is to identify the implicit principles of that restoration, and it is argued that it had its own characteristics due to the unfamiliarity in Iran with European approaches to conservation. Case studies were used to provide data for analysis to identify the principles and themes guiding the restoration. These included effecting the ‘perfection or completeness of the architectural work’, ‘decoration and beautification’, ‘harmony’, and restoration that exemplified ‘traditional art’ and ‘traditional proficiency’, all of which indicate a similarity with the characteristics of ‘stylistic restoration’, the purpose of which, according to Viollet-le-Duc, was to reinstate a building in a complete and ideal condition. This approach is interpreted as being in accordance with the prevalence of nationalism both in Europe and Iran, but where modern principles such as readability and minimal intervention were disregarded in the Iranian approach to such restorations.
摘要现代保护是在两种方法的影响下形成的，“风格修复”和“保护”，分别由Eugène Violet le Duc和John Ruskin开创。在伊朗，由于20世纪初现代性和民族主义的盛行，开始了一段大规模修复历史建筑的时期。这项研究的目的是确定修复的隐含原则，有人认为，由于伊朗不熟悉欧洲的保护方法，修复有其自身的特点。案例研究用于提供数据进行分析，以确定指导修复的原则和主题。其中包括实现“建筑作品的完美或完整性”、“装饰和美化”、“和谐”以及体现“传统艺术”和“传统熟练度”的修复，所有这些都表明与“风格修复”的特征相似，根据维奥莱特·勒杜克的说法，就是要把一座建筑恢复到一个完整而理想的状态。这种方法被解释为符合欧洲和伊朗普遍存在的民族主义，但在伊朗的修复方法中，可读性和最小干预等现代原则被忽视了。
期刊介绍：
The Journal of the Institute of Conservation is the peer reviewed publication of the Institute of Conservation (Icon). As such, its aims reflect those of Icon, to advance knowledge and education in conservation and achieve the long term preservation and conservation of moveable and immoveable cultural heritage. The Journal provides a collective identity for conservators; it promotes and supports both the profession and professionalism. With international contributions on all aspects of conservation, it is an invaluable resource for the heritage sector. The specific aims of the Journal are to: 1. promote research, knowledge and understanding of cultural heritage conservation through its history, practice and theory 2. provide an international forum to enable and disseminate advances in research, knowledge and understanding relating to conservation and heritage 3. champion and support professional standards of heritage conservation in the UK and internationally 4. provide a permanent record of issues relating to conservation and heritage 5. be financially and operationally sustainable. To achieve these aims, the Journal invites contributions from all those involved in the conservation of cultural heritage and related activities. Areas of interest include understanding cultural heritage materials and their degradation; subject reviews and histories of cultural heritage materials and conservation treatments; new, innovative or improved approaches to conservation and collections care theory, practice, communication, management and training; case studies demonstrating new, innovative or improved approaches; and conservation in its wider context. Submitters are encouraged to demonstrate how their work is of practical application to conservation. To maintain professional standards and promote academic rigour, submissions of articles and shorter notices are subject to an anonymous peer review process.
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