Characteristics and Evolution of the Response of the Lower Atmosphere to the Tonga Volcanic Eruption

IF 2.5 4区 综合性期刊 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Applied Sciences-Basel Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI:10.3390/app131810095
Fuyang Ke, Xiangxiang Hu, Guan Hong, Lulu Ming, Bao Song
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Abstract

Research concerning the response characteristics of lower atmosphere to volcanic eruption is a key and hot topic in the field of volcanic environment research. Against the background of a submarine volcano in the South Pacific island country of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) on 15 January 2022, this paper explores the response characteristics of this volcanic eruption on environmental factors in the lower atmosphere region using a priori data such as ERA5 reanalysis data, water vapor data from GNSS inversion and surface temperature data from Landsat inversion for the Tonga Islands region. Among them, (1) The amount of precipitable water (PWV) in Tonga was abnormally high on 15 January. (2) The water vapor flux was mainly in the lower space below 850 hPa. (3) The average surface temperature in December 2021 was higher. In February 2022, the average surface temperature was lower. (4) There was a low-pressure center near 30° S on the south side of Tonga volcano on 14 January, and a new low-pressure center was formed on the east side of Tonga volcano after the eruption of Tonga volcano on 15 January. Furthermore, the precipitation area of Tonga increased in January and decreased in February 2022. The PWV values, water vapor fluxes, temperature and circulation response characteristics, and precipitation characteristics show that the volcanic eruption affected part of the atmospheric and oceanic circulation, and water vapor was transported to the low-pressure center along the direction of atmospheric circulation. With the continuous water vapor transport, precipitation formed in Tonga, and the intensity and area of precipitation in Tonga increased significantly in January. Thus, the volcanic eruption could have significantly triggered the response between the low-pressure center, PWV, precipitation and surface temperature in the lower atmosphere, which influenced the environmental characteristics of this eruption.
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汤加火山喷发的低层大气响应特征及其演化
低层大气对火山喷发的响应特征研究是火山环境研究领域的一个重点和热点。本文以2022年1月15日南太平洋岛国汤加Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai(HTHH)的一座海底火山为背景,利用ERA5再分析数据等先验数据,探讨了此次火山喷发对低层大气区域环境因素的响应特征,汤加群岛区域全球导航卫星系统反演的水汽数据和陆地卫星反演的地表温度数据。其中,(1)1月15日汤加的可降水量异常高。(2) 水汽通量主要分布在850hPa以下的下部空间。(3) 2021年12月的平均地表温度更高。2022年2月,地表平均温度较低。(4) 1月14日,汤加火山南侧在30°S附近有一个低压中心,1月15日汤加火山爆发后,汤加火山东侧形成了一个新的低压中心。此外,汤加的降水面积在2022年1月增加,2月减少。PWV值、水汽通量、温度和环流响应特征以及降水特征表明,火山喷发影响了部分大气和海洋环流,水汽沿大气环流方向向低压中心输送。随着水汽的持续输送,汤加形成了降水,1月份汤加降水强度和面积明显增加。因此,火山喷发可能会显著触发低压中心、PWV、降水和低层大气表面温度之间的反应,从而影响此次喷发的环境特征。
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来源期刊
Applied Sciences-Basel
Applied Sciences-Basel CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARYMATERIALS SCIE-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
11.10%
发文量
10882
期刊介绍: Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417) provides an advanced forum on all aspects of applied natural sciences. It publishes reviews, research papers and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.
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