Sanbe volcano: Long-term evolution of an arc magmatic system

IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Island Arc Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI:10.1111/iar.12453
Andreas Auer, Atsushi Kamei, Daisuke Endo
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Abstract

A suite of samples was studied that represents the major explosive eruptions of Sanbe volcano, SW Japan. We demonstrate how rate of magma flux into the Trans-Crustal Magmatic System (TCMS) presents a major control on the type and style of the subsequently forthcoming eruptions. Erupted products can be separated into two distinct groups. An older group is characterized by highly evolved, high-K, LILE-rich rhyolitic magmas, showing a supressed adakitic trace element signature (otherwise characteristic for the young stratovolcanoes in the SW Japan arc) with low Ca, Sr concentrations and a negative Eu anomaly. In contrast, the younger group (dominantly of andesitic—dacitic composition) displays a strong adakitic trace element signature with characteristic steep REE profiles and high Sr concentrations. An Eu anomaly is generally lacking here. The two groups are also distinct in their petrographic features, with the early group being almost aphyric showing simple log linear crystal size distributions and homogeneous, uniform mineral chemistries. In contrast, products of the younger group show complex crystal size distributions with diverse mineral compositions and abundant disequilibrium features. Our study shows that an initial high melt-production rate allowed dehydration melting of lower crustal rocks leading to the formation of highly evolved K-rich magmas. These magmas intruded into the shallow crust and produced two large Plinian rhyolitic, caldera forming eruptions. Subsequently the primary magma production rate decreased and the lower crust became too refractory for additional dehydration melting by these lower volume magma batches, causing the conventional adakitic magmatism to produced several additional eruptions of smaller magnitude, mainly of Sub-Plinian or Pelean styles.

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桑贝火山:弧岩浆系统的长期演化
研究了一组代表日本西南部三别火山主要爆炸性喷发的样本。我们展示了岩浆流入跨地壳岩浆系统(TCMS)的速率如何对随后即将发生的喷发的类型和风格产生主要控制。爆炸产物可以分为两组。一个较老的岩群以高度演化、高K、富含LILE的流纹岩岩浆为特征,显示出被抑制的adakitic微量元素特征(日本西南弧中年轻层火山的特征),具有低Ca、Sr浓度和负Eu异常。相比之下,年轻组(主要由安山岩-英安岩组成)表现出强烈的adakitic微量元素特征,具有特征性的陡峭REE剖面和高Sr浓度。Eu异常在这里通常是缺失的。这两个组的岩相特征也不同,早期组几乎是无盖的,显示出简单的对数线性晶体尺寸分布和均匀、均匀的矿物化学。相比之下,年轻组的产品显示出复杂的晶体尺寸分布,具有不同的矿物成分和丰富的不平衡特征。我们的研究表明,最初的高熔体生产速率允许下地壳岩石的脱水熔融,从而形成高度演化的富钾岩浆。这些岩浆侵入浅层地壳,并产生了两次大型的普林尼亚流纹岩、破火山口喷发。随后,原始岩浆产生率下降,下地壳变得太难处理,无法通过这些较低体积的岩浆批次进行额外的脱水熔融,导致传统的阿达基特岩浆作用产生了几次较小规模的额外喷发,主要是次普林阶或佩利阶喷发。
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来源期刊
Island Arc
Island Arc 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
26.70%
发文量
32
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Island Arc is the official journal of the Geological Society of Japan. This journal focuses on the structure, dynamics and evolution of convergent plate boundaries, including trenches, volcanic arcs, subducting plates, and both accretionary and collisional orogens in modern and ancient settings. The Journal also opens to other key geological processes and features of broad interest such as oceanic basins, mid-ocean ridges, hot spots, continental cratons, and their surfaces and roots. Papers that discuss the interaction between solid earth, atmosphere, and bodies of water are also welcome. Articles of immediate importance to other researchers, either by virtue of their new data, results or ideas are given priority publication. Island Arc publishes peer-reviewed articles and reviews. Original scientific articles, of a maximum length of 15 printed pages, are published promptly with a standard publication time from submission of 3 months. All articles are peer reviewed by at least two research experts in the field of the submitted paper.
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