Oral health of individuals with cerebral palsy in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review

IF 1.8 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Community dentistry and oral epidemiology Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI:10.1111/cdoe.12923

Faris Yahya I. Asiri, Marc Tennant, Estie Kruger

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Abstract

Objective

This systematic review aimed to comprehensively summarize and critically assess studies conducted on oral health outcomes among individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

This study followed the Participants, Exposure, Control and Outcomes (PECO) framework to formulate a focused research question. We conducted an extensive literature search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Medline, Scopus and Embase, in addition to clinical trial registers. Inclusion criteria encompassed clinical studies conducted in either English or Arabic, focusing on CP as defined by the International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD10), and examining various oral health conditions and parameters. Nonclinical studies, commentaries, other systematic reviews and letters to the editor were excluded. Data extraction included comprehensive information about the study characteristics, oral health outcomes (dental, oral or periodontal disease; changes in standardized indices; dental trauma and other types of oral diseases) and an assessment of the risk of bias using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS).

Results

The initial search yielded a total of 879 articles, ultimately resulting seven studies that met our stringent inclusion criteria. All of these studies were conducted as cross-sectional investigations in different cities within Saudi Arabia. The sample sizes ranged from 46 to 400 participants, all falling within the age range of 2–18 years. Notably, the prevalence of dental caries among individuals with CP in these studies varied significantly, with rates ranging from 52.9% to as high as 98.6%. Additionally, a substantial portion of CP patients exhibited poor oral hygiene, with figures ranging between 34.6% and 66.2%, and dental trauma was reported in 47.5% of the cases. Moreover, these studies underscored the influence of motor function and intellectual disabilities on the oral health status of CP individuals. Furthermore, various secondary outcomes, including periodontal parameters and oral health-related quality of life, were also assessed. However, it is essential to acknowledge that several sources of bias were identified within these studies, raising questions about the generalisability of their findings.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the systematic review revealed a concerning pattern of high dental caries prevalence and other oral health issues among individuals with CP in Saudi Arabia. Nevertheless, the need for comparative studies between CP patients and those without CP is evident to establish a definitive understanding of the oral health status of CP individuals. Initiating early interventions such as oral hygiene education, preventive dentistry programs, and orthodontic interventions could potentially contribute to improved oral health outcomes for individuals with CP in Saudi Arabia.

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沙特阿拉伯脑瘫患者的口腔健康：一项系统综述。

目的：本系统综述旨在全面总结和批判性评估沙特阿拉伯脑瘫患者口腔健康结果的研究。方法：本研究遵循参与者、暴露、控制和结果（PECO）框架，制定一个重点研究问题。我们在多个数据库中进行了广泛的文献检索，包括PubMed、Medline、Scopus和Embase，以及临床试验注册。纳入标准包括用英语或阿拉伯语进行的临床研究，重点是国际疾病分类10（ICD10）定义的CP，并检查各种口腔健康状况和参数。非临床研究、评论、其他系统综述和致编辑的信件均被排除在外。数据提取包括关于研究特征、口腔健康结果（牙科、口腔或牙周病；标准化指数的变化；牙科创伤和其他类型的口腔疾病）的综合信息，以及使用横断面研究评估工具（AXIS）评估偏倚风险。结果：最初的搜索共产生879篇文章，最终产生了7项符合我们严格纳入标准的研究。所有这些研究都是在沙特阿拉伯不同城市进行的横断面调查。样本量从46到400人不等，年龄都在2-18岁之间年。值得注意的是，在这些研究中，CP患者的龋齿患病率差异很大，发病率从52.9%到98.6%不等。此外，相当一部分CP患者的口腔卫生状况不佳，发病率在34.6%到66.2%之间，47.5%的病例报告有牙外伤。此外，这些研究强调了运动功能和智力残疾对CP个体口腔健康状况的影响。此外，还评估了各种次要结果，包括牙周参数和口腔健康相关的生活质量。然而，必须承认，在这些研究中发现了几个偏见来源，这引发了人们对其发现的普遍性的质疑。结论：总之，系统综述揭示了沙特阿拉伯CP患者的高龋齿患病率和其他口腔健康问题。然而，对CP患者和无CP患者进行比较研究的必要性是显而易见的，以建立对CP患者口腔健康状况的明确理解。启动早期干预措施，如口腔卫生教育、预防性牙科计划和正畸干预措施，可能有助于改善沙特阿拉伯CP患者的口腔健康状况。

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来源期刊

Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

8.70%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The aim of Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology is to serve as a forum for scientifically based information in community dentistry, with the intention of continually expanding the knowledge base in the field. The scope is therefore broad, ranging from original studies in epidemiology, behavioral sciences related to dentistry, and health services research through to methodological reports in program planning, implementation and evaluation. Reports dealing with people of all age groups are welcome. The journal encourages manuscripts which present methodologically detailed scientific research findings from original data collection or analysis of existing databases. Preference is given to new findings. Confirmations of previous findings can be of value, but the journal seeks to avoid needless repetition. It also encourages thoughtful, provocative commentaries on subjects ranging from research methods to public policies. Purely descriptive reports are not encouraged, nor are behavioral science reports with only marginal application to dentistry. The journal is published bimonthly.