Tumor Organoid as a Drug Screening Platform for Cancer Research.

Reyhaneh Mahbubi Arani, Niloufar Yousefi, Amir Ali Hamidieh, Fatemeh Gholizadeh, Mahsa Mollapour Sisakht
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Abstract

A number of studies have been conducted on the application of 3D models for drug discovery, drug sensitivity assessment, and drug toxicity. Most of these studies focused on disease modelling and attempted to control cellular differentiation, heterogeneity, and key physiological features to mimic organ reconstitution so that researchers could achieve an accurate response in drug evaluation. Recently, organoids have been used by various scientists due to their highly organotypic structure, which facilitates the translation from basic research to the clinic, especially in cancer research. With this tool, researchers can perform high-throughput analyses of compounds and determine the exact effect on patients based on their genetic variations, as well as develop personalized and combination therapies. Although there is a lack of standardization in organoid culture, patientderived organoids (PDOs) have become widely established and used for drug testing. In this review, we have discussed recent advances in the application of organoids and tumoroids not only in cancer research for drug screening but also in clinical trials to demonstrate the potential of organoids in translational medicine.

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肿瘤类器官作为癌症研究的药物筛选平台。
已经对3D模型在药物发现、药物敏感性评估和药物毒性方面的应用进行了大量研究。这些研究大多集中在疾病建模上,并试图控制细胞分化、异质性和关键生理特征,以模拟器官重建,从而使研究人员能够在药物评估中获得准确的反应。近年来,类器官因其高度的器官型结构而被各种科学家使用,这有助于从基础研究转化为临床,尤其是在癌症研究中。有了这个工具,研究人员可以对化合物进行高通量分析,并根据其基因变异确定对患者的确切影响,还可以开发个性化和联合疗法。尽管类器官培养缺乏标准化,但患者来源的类器官(PDO)已被广泛建立并用于药物测试。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了类器官和类肿瘤药物应用的最新进展,不仅在癌症药物筛选研究中,而且在临床试验中,以证明类器官在转化医学中的潜力。
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